Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Cardiac muscle α-actin is a key protein of the thin filament in the muscle sarcomere that, together with myosin thick filaments, produce force and contraction important for normal heart function. Missense mutations in cardiac muscle α-actin can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a complex disorder o...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hsiang-Ling Huang, Andrejus Suchenko, Giovanna Grandinetti, Mohan K. Balasubramanian, Krishna Chinthalapudi, Sarah M. Heissler
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:European Journal of Cell Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171933524000773
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850105841005363200
author Hsiang-Ling Huang
Andrejus Suchenko
Giovanna Grandinetti
Mohan K. Balasubramanian
Krishna Chinthalapudi
Sarah M. Heissler
author_facet Hsiang-Ling Huang
Andrejus Suchenko
Giovanna Grandinetti
Mohan K. Balasubramanian
Krishna Chinthalapudi
Sarah M. Heissler
author_sort Hsiang-Ling Huang
collection DOAJ
description Cardiac muscle α-actin is a key protein of the thin filament in the muscle sarcomere that, together with myosin thick filaments, produce force and contraction important for normal heart function. Missense mutations in cardiac muscle α-actin can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a complex disorder of the heart characterized by hypercontractility at the molecular scale that leads to diverse clinical phenotypes. While the clinical aspects of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms of missense mutations in cardiac muscle α-actin that cause the disease remain largely elusive. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy to reveal the structures of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated actin mutations M305L and A331P in the filamentous state. We show that the mutations have subtle impacts on the overall architecture of the actin filament with mutation-specific changes in the nucleotide binding cleft active site, interprotomer interfaces, and local changes around the mutation site. This suggests that structural changes induced by M305L and A331P have implications for the positioning of the thin filament protein tropomyosin and the interaction with myosin motors. Overall, this study supports a structural model whereby altered interactions between thick and thin filament proteins contribute to disease mechanisms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
format Article
id doaj-art-a63429944a6a4abfa04f134ebb1f70e1
institution OA Journals
issn 0171-9335
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series European Journal of Cell Biology
spelling doaj-art-a63429944a6a4abfa04f134ebb1f70e12025-08-20T02:38:58ZengElsevierEuropean Journal of Cell Biology0171-93352024-12-01103415146010.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151460Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathyHsiang-Ling Huang0Andrejus Suchenko1Giovanna Grandinetti2Mohan K. Balasubramanian3Krishna Chinthalapudi4Sarah M. Heissler5Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USACentre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology and Warwick Medical School, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Coventry, United KingdomDepartment of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USACentre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology and Warwick Medical School, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Coventry, United KingdomDepartment of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Correspondence to: The Ohio State University, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 2255 Kenny Road, 5193 PRC, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Correspondence to: The Ohio State University, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 2255 Kenny Road, 5193 PRC, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.Cardiac muscle α-actin is a key protein of the thin filament in the muscle sarcomere that, together with myosin thick filaments, produce force and contraction important for normal heart function. Missense mutations in cardiac muscle α-actin can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a complex disorder of the heart characterized by hypercontractility at the molecular scale that leads to diverse clinical phenotypes. While the clinical aspects of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms of missense mutations in cardiac muscle α-actin that cause the disease remain largely elusive. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy to reveal the structures of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated actin mutations M305L and A331P in the filamentous state. We show that the mutations have subtle impacts on the overall architecture of the actin filament with mutation-specific changes in the nucleotide binding cleft active site, interprotomer interfaces, and local changes around the mutation site. This suggests that structural changes induced by M305L and A331P have implications for the positioning of the thin filament protein tropomyosin and the interaction with myosin motors. Overall, this study supports a structural model whereby altered interactions between thick and thin filament proteins contribute to disease mechanisms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171933524000773ActinCytoskeletonMutationMyosinHypertrophic cardiomyopathy
spellingShingle Hsiang-Ling Huang
Andrejus Suchenko
Giovanna Grandinetti
Mohan K. Balasubramanian
Krishna Chinthalapudi
Sarah M. Heissler
Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
European Journal of Cell Biology
Actin
Cytoskeleton
Mutation
Myosin
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title_full Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title_fullStr Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title_full_unstemmed Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title_short Cryo-EM structures of cardiac muscle α-actin mutants M305L and A331P give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
title_sort cryo em structures of cardiac muscle α actin mutants m305l and a331p give insights into the structural mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
topic Actin
Cytoskeleton
Mutation
Myosin
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171933524000773
work_keys_str_mv AT hsianglinghuang cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy
AT andrejussuchenko cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy
AT giovannagrandinetti cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy
AT mohankbalasubramanian cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy
AT krishnachinthalapudi cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy
AT sarahmheissler cryoemstructuresofcardiacmuscleaactinmutantsm305landa331pgiveinsightsintothestructuralmechanismsofhypertrophiccardiomyopathy