Glycemic index of some protein-free food products for individuals with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue and the third leading cause of death globally. In the conservative phase of CKD, a low-protein diet is recommended to slow disease progression, and protein-free products are commonly used in clinical nutrition for CKD. S...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alessandro Leone, Francesca Menichetti, Franca Criscuoli, Giovanni Fiorillo, Stefano Ravasenghi, Maria Cristina Casiraghi, Simona Bertoli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Nutrition & Metabolism
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00990-5
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