The association of lead and cadmium exposure with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective Periodontitis, a microbiome-driven chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the supporting structures of the teeth, is influenced by various environmental factors, including exposure to heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to eval...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Saiyan Yang, Jun Li, Yousheng Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06195-9
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