Three-dimensional analysis of femoral tunnel placement in canine cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract Background Accurate femoral tunnel placement is essential for successful anatomical intra-articular reconstruction of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL), a standard treatment for anterior cruciate ligament disease in humans. Surgical outcomes are influenced by multiple factors related to...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tsai-Yu Lee, Ching-Ho Wu, Cheng-Chung Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04932-4
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