Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study
BackgroundPneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections are the leading causes of death worldwide. Accurate diagnosis, identification of complications and underlying conditions, and appropriate treatment are essential for preventing pneumonia-related morbidity and mortality. Children in dev...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1447363/full |
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| author | Wagaye Alemu Mebirat Ademassu Firehiwot Belayneh Yabibal Gebeyehu Getachew Assefa Zenebe Temesgen Leka Lerango |
| author_facet | Wagaye Alemu Mebirat Ademassu Firehiwot Belayneh Yabibal Gebeyehu Getachew Assefa Zenebe Temesgen Leka Lerango |
| author_sort | Wagaye Alemu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections are the leading causes of death worldwide. Accurate diagnosis, identification of complications and underlying conditions, and appropriate treatment are essential for preventing pneumonia-related morbidity and mortality. Children in developing countries, such as Ethiopia, are at risk of contracting pneumonia, which could lead to death if not treated correctly. Therefore, we sought to assess the predictors and time to management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia.MethodsA multicenter, institution-based prospective follow-up study was conducted among 484 pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia. The data were entered into EpiInfo version 7 and exported to STATA version 15 for analysis. Survival analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify predictors of poor management outcomes. Associations between predictors and poor management outcomes were estimated using a p-value <0.05 and adjusted hazards ratios (AHR) with 95% CIs.ResultsAmong the 484 patients admitted with pneumonia, 381 (78.7%) recovered, 16 (3.3%) died, 6 (1.2%) were transferred out, and 81 (16.7%), defaulted. Over the study period, the incidence rate of poor management outcomes was 4 per 100 person-days of observation, while the incidence rate of recovery was 15 per 100 person-days of observation. According to the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with poor management outcomes were comorbidities at admission (AHR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.01–5.26), age (AHR = 5.96, 95% CI: 2.71–13.1), nutritional status (AHR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08–3.17), and residence (AHR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.05–2.34).ConclusionThe incidence rate of poor management outcomes was 4 per 100 person-days of observation. Comorbidities at admission, age, nutritional status, and place of residence were statistically significant predictors of poor management outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a370a81c009b4c9682af0d7055a41582 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-a370a81c009b4c9682af0d7055a415822025-01-17T06:51:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602025-01-011210.3389/fped.2024.14473631447363Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up studyWagaye Alemu0Mebirat Ademassu1Firehiwot Belayneh2Yabibal Gebeyehu3Getachew Assefa Zenebe4Temesgen Leka Lerango5School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaSchool of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaBackgroundPneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections are the leading causes of death worldwide. Accurate diagnosis, identification of complications and underlying conditions, and appropriate treatment are essential for preventing pneumonia-related morbidity and mortality. Children in developing countries, such as Ethiopia, are at risk of contracting pneumonia, which could lead to death if not treated correctly. Therefore, we sought to assess the predictors and time to management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia.MethodsA multicenter, institution-based prospective follow-up study was conducted among 484 pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia. The data were entered into EpiInfo version 7 and exported to STATA version 15 for analysis. Survival analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify predictors of poor management outcomes. Associations between predictors and poor management outcomes were estimated using a p-value <0.05 and adjusted hazards ratios (AHR) with 95% CIs.ResultsAmong the 484 patients admitted with pneumonia, 381 (78.7%) recovered, 16 (3.3%) died, 6 (1.2%) were transferred out, and 81 (16.7%), defaulted. Over the study period, the incidence rate of poor management outcomes was 4 per 100 person-days of observation, while the incidence rate of recovery was 15 per 100 person-days of observation. According to the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with poor management outcomes were comorbidities at admission (AHR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.01–5.26), age (AHR = 5.96, 95% CI: 2.71–13.1), nutritional status (AHR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08–3.17), and residence (AHR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.05–2.34).ConclusionThe incidence rate of poor management outcomes was 4 per 100 person-days of observation. Comorbidities at admission, age, nutritional status, and place of residence were statistically significant predictors of poor management outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1447363/fulltimepoor outcomepneumoniapredictorspediatricsprospective |
| spellingShingle | Wagaye Alemu Mebirat Ademassu Firehiwot Belayneh Yabibal Gebeyehu Getachew Assefa Zenebe Temesgen Leka Lerango Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study Frontiers in Pediatrics time poor outcome pneumonia predictors pediatrics prospective |
| title | Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study |
| title_full | Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study |
| title_fullStr | Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study |
| title_short | Predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study |
| title_sort | predictors and time to poor management outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in the gedeo zone southern ethiopia a prospective follow up study |
| topic | time poor outcome pneumonia predictors pediatrics prospective |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1447363/full |
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