A Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Carbon–REC Trading in an Integrated Energy System of High-Speed Railways

The significant energy intensity of high-speed railway necessitates integrating renewable technologies to enhance grid resilience and decarbonize transport. This study establishes a coordinated carbon–green certificate market mechanism for railway power systems and develops a tri-source planning mod...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wei-Na Zhang, Zhe Xu, Ying-Yi Hong, Fang-Yu Liu, Zhong-Qin Bi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8462
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