Municipal surface water valorization for clean water recovery and heavy metal removal towards a circular economy

Unsustainable urban expansion increases runoff, introducing heavy metals into municipal surface water systems. Despite the need to remove heavy metals from municipal surface water, conventional treatment technologies are ineffective in removing these contaminants. Reverse osmosis (RO) effectively re...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kedi Li, Yuxuan Liu, Mo Xie, Haoxiang Li, Sangyi Li, Chenyu Wang, Linyinxue Dong, Jungbin Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Energy Nexus
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772427125001433
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