Competition between one- and two-photon processes in Ar irradiated by the Shanghai soft x-ray free electron laser

Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser facility has entered user operation, delivering soft x-ray pulses in self-amplified spontaneous emission mode with an intensity of the peak fluence of ∼1.0×10^{−2}µJ/µm^{2} at a focus point. With these conditions, at a photon energy of 260 eV, we expect sequen...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruichao Dong, Jie Yan, Jinze Feng, Mingjie Zhang, Yikang Zhang, Yuliang Guo, Ahai Chen, Zhenjie Shen, Yuneng Shen, Zhen Wang, Kaiqing Zhang, Xuan Li, Zheng Qi, Zhangfeng Gao, Zenggong Jiang, Jiaming Jiang, Bin Li, Chao Feng, Bo Liu, Huaidong Jiang, Zhi Liu, Yajiang Hao, Kiyoshi Ueda, Cheng Gao, Xincheng Wang, Yuhai Jiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Physical Society 2025-08-01
Series:Physical Review Research
Online Access:http://doi.org/10.1103/j4rx-55m2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser facility has entered user operation, delivering soft x-ray pulses in self-amplified spontaneous emission mode with an intensity of the peak fluence of ∼1.0×10^{−2}µJ/µm^{2} at a focus point. With these conditions, at a photon energy of 260 eV, we expect sequential processes in which Ar^{2+} created by the Auger decay following the 2p photoionization may be resonantly excited to the 2p^{−1}3p^{−2}3d inner-shell excited state and thus resonant Auger decay produces Ar^{3+}, which can also be competitively produced by the direct double Auger decay (DDAD) following the one-photon 2p ionization of Ar. Ar^{4+} ions dominantly arise from Ar^{2+} with a resonant excitation and subsequent DDAD, involving two-photon absorption. The measured charge distributions as a function of the free-electron laser (FEL) fluence are well reproduced by ab initio calculations that include DDAD, normally neglected in the previous FEL studies, and resonant Auger decay. The present results demonstrate that the low peak fluence of the FEL pulses can be determined if the competition between the one- and two-photon processes is precisely described along with DDAD and resonant Auger decay.
ISSN:2643-1564