Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Methadone, a synthetic opioid used for opioid substitution therapy (OST), is typically associated with arrhythmias rather than direct myocardial depression. Neurological complications, especially with concurrent antipsychotic use, have also been reported. Acute left ventricular failure...

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Main Authors: Buzatu Georgiana Cristina, Sebastian Isac, Geani-Danut Teodorescu, Teodora Isac, Cristina Martac, Cristian Cobilinschi, Bogdan Pavel, Cristina Veronica Andreescu, Gabriela Droc
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Life
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/7/1084
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author Buzatu Georgiana Cristina
Sebastian Isac
Geani-Danut Teodorescu
Teodora Isac
Cristina Martac
Cristian Cobilinschi
Bogdan Pavel
Cristina Veronica Andreescu
Gabriela Droc
author_facet Buzatu Georgiana Cristina
Sebastian Isac
Geani-Danut Teodorescu
Teodora Isac
Cristina Martac
Cristian Cobilinschi
Bogdan Pavel
Cristina Veronica Andreescu
Gabriela Droc
author_sort Buzatu Georgiana Cristina
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Methadone, a synthetic opioid used for opioid substitution therapy (OST), is typically associated with arrhythmias rather than direct myocardial depression. Neurological complications, especially with concurrent antipsychotic use, have also been reported. Acute left ventricular failure in young adults is uncommon and often linked to genetic or infectious causes. We present a rare case of reversible cardiogenic shock and cerebellar insult due to methadone toxicity. Case Presentation: A 37-year-old man with a history of drug abuse on OST with methadone (130 mg/day) was admitted to the ICU with hemodynamic instability, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Diagnostic workup revealed low cardiac output syndrome and a right cerebellar insult, attributed to methadone toxicity. The patient received individualized catecholamine support. After 10 days in the ICU, he was transferred to a general ward for ongoing cardiac and neurological rehabilitation and discharged in stable condition seven days later. Conclusions: Methadone-induced reversible left ventricular failure, particularly when accompanied by cerebellar insult, is rare but potentially life-threatening. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential for full recovery in such complex toxicological presentations.
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spelling doaj-art-9ff1141d0bf94155b8acdde4886a5c362025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-07-01157108410.3390/life15071084Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the LiteratureBuzatu Georgiana Cristina0Sebastian Isac1Geani-Danut Teodorescu2Teodora Isac3Cristina Martac4Cristian Cobilinschi5Bogdan Pavel6Cristina Veronica Andreescu7Gabriela Droc8Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care II, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Modern Languages, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care I, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaIntroduction: Methadone, a synthetic opioid used for opioid substitution therapy (OST), is typically associated with arrhythmias rather than direct myocardial depression. Neurological complications, especially with concurrent antipsychotic use, have also been reported. Acute left ventricular failure in young adults is uncommon and often linked to genetic or infectious causes. We present a rare case of reversible cardiogenic shock and cerebellar insult due to methadone toxicity. Case Presentation: A 37-year-old man with a history of drug abuse on OST with methadone (130 mg/day) was admitted to the ICU with hemodynamic instability, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Diagnostic workup revealed low cardiac output syndrome and a right cerebellar insult, attributed to methadone toxicity. The patient received individualized catecholamine support. After 10 days in the ICU, he was transferred to a general ward for ongoing cardiac and neurological rehabilitation and discharged in stable condition seven days later. Conclusions: Methadone-induced reversible left ventricular failure, particularly when accompanied by cerebellar insult, is rare but potentially life-threatening. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential for full recovery in such complex toxicological presentations.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/7/1084methadoneopioid substitution therapyleft ventricular failurecardiogenic shockbrain insultmultidisciplinary care
spellingShingle Buzatu Georgiana Cristina
Sebastian Isac
Geani-Danut Teodorescu
Teodora Isac
Cristina Martac
Cristian Cobilinschi
Bogdan Pavel
Cristina Veronica Andreescu
Gabriela Droc
Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Life
methadone
opioid substitution therapy
left ventricular failure
cardiogenic shock
brain insult
multidisciplinary care
title Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_short Methadone-Induced Toxicity—An Unexpected Challenge for the Brain and Heart in ICU Settings: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_sort methadone induced toxicity an unexpected challenge for the brain and heart in icu settings case report and review of the literature
topic methadone
opioid substitution therapy
left ventricular failure
cardiogenic shock
brain insult
multidisciplinary care
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/7/1084
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