Assessment of some biochemical markers in electronic nicotine device smokers in Diyala province

Background: Vaping has gained significant popularity among young people in recent years as an alternative to conventional smoking. Despite being promoted as a safer substitute, the health consequences of vaping remain largely unknown. One area of concern is its impact on biochemical markers – substa...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Omar D. Salman, Hany Akeel Al-hussaniy, Mohammed Abdlrahman Abdmahdi, Suha Khaleel Ibrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Pensoft Publishers 2025-04-01
Series:Pharmacia
Online Access:https://pharmacia.pensoft.net/article/151231/download/pdf/
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