Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology
IntroductionAlthough the role of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in thyroid cancer is well established, little data exists about the differences in immune cell presence in thyroid adenomas and carcinomas. We assume that immune cell density could be an additional diagnostic criterion for differe...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1542821/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832583801498238976 |
|---|---|
| author | Iryna Omelianenko Iryna Omelianenko Nazarii Kobyliak Nazarii Kobyliak Tetyana Falalyeyeva Tetyana Falalyeyeva Oleksii Seleznov Pavlina Botsun Lyudmila Ostapchenko Oleksandr Korotkyi Liudmyla Domylivska Olena Tsyryuk Galyna Mykhalchyshyn Tetiana Shapochka Oksana Sulaieva Oksana Sulaieva |
| author_facet | Iryna Omelianenko Iryna Omelianenko Nazarii Kobyliak Nazarii Kobyliak Tetyana Falalyeyeva Tetyana Falalyeyeva Oleksii Seleznov Pavlina Botsun Lyudmila Ostapchenko Oleksandr Korotkyi Liudmyla Domylivska Olena Tsyryuk Galyna Mykhalchyshyn Tetiana Shapochka Oksana Sulaieva Oksana Sulaieva |
| author_sort | Iryna Omelianenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionAlthough the role of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in thyroid cancer is well established, little data exists about the differences in immune cell presence in thyroid adenomas and carcinomas. We assume that immune cell density could be an additional diagnostic criterion for differentiating benign and malignant tumors in thyroid aspirates.AimThe current study compared the immune contexture of thyroid adenoma (TA) and thyroid carcinoma (TC) in histological and cytological specimens of III-V categories.Materials and methodsThis pilot study included 72 cases (36 of TA and 36 of TC) with verified histological diagnosis and pre-operative cytology corresponding to categories III, IV and V according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology. The number of CD8+, CD68+ and CD163+ cells was assessed in histological samples of TA and TC with further comparison to cytological specimens. Besides, the expression of STAT6 and SMAD4 as potential regulators of TIME was evaluated in the study.ResultsTC demonstrated an immune-rich profile representing abundant tumor-associated CD8+ lymphocytes, CD68 and CD163+ macrophages. In contrast, TA represented mostly a low immune cell infiltration. The higher immunogenicity of TC was accompanied by the more profound expression of STAT6 and SMAD4 in tumor cells. The number of immune cells in cytological specimens correlated with CD8+ (r = 0.693; p < 0.001) and CD163+ cells (r = 0.559; p < 0.001) in histological samples, reflecting the differences in the tumor immune microenvironment between benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.ConclusionTC demonstrated high immunogenicity compared to TA, which correlated to the number of immune cells in cytological specimens. The number of immune cells in thyroid cytology samples could be an additional criterion in cytological diagnostics for III-V Bethesda categories. Further investigations are needed to validate the findings of the study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f46006e16274a87abfb23a1aa97770b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f46006e16274a87abfb23a1aa97770b2025-01-28T05:10:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2025-01-011210.3389/fmolb.2025.15428211542821Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathologyIryna Omelianenko0Iryna Omelianenko1Nazarii Kobyliak2Nazarii Kobyliak3Tetyana Falalyeyeva4Tetyana Falalyeyeva5Oleksii Seleznov6Pavlina Botsun7Lyudmila Ostapchenko8Oleksandr Korotkyi9Liudmyla Domylivska10Olena Tsyryuk11Galyna Mykhalchyshyn12Tetiana Shapochka13Oksana Sulaieva14Oksana Sulaieva15Medical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineEndocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineEducational-Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineEndocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkraineMedical Laboratory CSD, Pathology Department, Kyiv, UkrainePathology Department, Kyiv Medical University, Kyiv, UkraineIntroductionAlthough the role of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in thyroid cancer is well established, little data exists about the differences in immune cell presence in thyroid adenomas and carcinomas. We assume that immune cell density could be an additional diagnostic criterion for differentiating benign and malignant tumors in thyroid aspirates.AimThe current study compared the immune contexture of thyroid adenoma (TA) and thyroid carcinoma (TC) in histological and cytological specimens of III-V categories.Materials and methodsThis pilot study included 72 cases (36 of TA and 36 of TC) with verified histological diagnosis and pre-operative cytology corresponding to categories III, IV and V according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology. The number of CD8+, CD68+ and CD163+ cells was assessed in histological samples of TA and TC with further comparison to cytological specimens. Besides, the expression of STAT6 and SMAD4 as potential regulators of TIME was evaluated in the study.ResultsTC demonstrated an immune-rich profile representing abundant tumor-associated CD8+ lymphocytes, CD68 and CD163+ macrophages. In contrast, TA represented mostly a low immune cell infiltration. The higher immunogenicity of TC was accompanied by the more profound expression of STAT6 and SMAD4 in tumor cells. The number of immune cells in cytological specimens correlated with CD8+ (r = 0.693; p < 0.001) and CD163+ cells (r = 0.559; p < 0.001) in histological samples, reflecting the differences in the tumor immune microenvironment between benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.ConclusionTC demonstrated high immunogenicity compared to TA, which correlated to the number of immune cells in cytological specimens. The number of immune cells in thyroid cytology samples could be an additional criterion in cytological diagnostics for III-V Bethesda categories. Further investigations are needed to validate the findings of the study.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1542821/fullthyroid cancerimmune cellsimmune microenvironmentthyroid adenomapapilary thyroid carcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Iryna Omelianenko Iryna Omelianenko Nazarii Kobyliak Nazarii Kobyliak Tetyana Falalyeyeva Tetyana Falalyeyeva Oleksii Seleznov Pavlina Botsun Lyudmila Ostapchenko Oleksandr Korotkyi Liudmyla Domylivska Olena Tsyryuk Galyna Mykhalchyshyn Tetiana Shapochka Oksana Sulaieva Oksana Sulaieva Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences thyroid cancer immune cells immune microenvironment thyroid adenoma papilary thyroid carcinoma |
| title | Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| title_full | Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| title_fullStr | Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| title_short | Immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma: uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor-host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| title_sort | immune cells in thyroid adenoma and carcinoma uncovering a hidden value of assessing tumor host interplay and its potential application in thyroid cytopathology |
| topic | thyroid cancer immune cells immune microenvironment thyroid adenoma papilary thyroid carcinoma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1542821/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT irynaomelianenko immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT irynaomelianenko immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT nazariikobyliak immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT nazariikobyliak immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT tetyanafalalyeyeva immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT tetyanafalalyeyeva immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT oleksiiseleznov immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT pavlinabotsun immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT lyudmilaostapchenko immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT oleksandrkorotkyi immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT liudmyladomylivska immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT olenatsyryuk immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT galynamykhalchyshyn immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT tetianashapochka immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT oksanasulaieva immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology AT oksanasulaieva immunecellsinthyroidadenomaandcarcinomauncoveringahiddenvalueofassessingtumorhostinterplayanditspotentialapplicationinthyroidcytopathology |