Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities

Abstract Serum testosterone levels decrease in the aging male, while the risk for prostate cancer (PCa) increases concomitantly. Higher levels in younger men have been linked with racially driven PCa disparities, with African men disproportionately impacted. In turn, higher levels of serum lipids ha...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maphuti Tebogo Lebelo, Naledi Mmekwa, Melanie Louw, Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri, Shingai B. A. Mutambirwa, Massimo Loda, Vanessa M. Hayes, M. S. Riana Bornman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92539-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850201184336347136
author Maphuti Tebogo Lebelo
Naledi Mmekwa
Melanie Louw
Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri
Shingai B. A. Mutambirwa
Massimo Loda
Vanessa M. Hayes
M. S. Riana Bornman
author_facet Maphuti Tebogo Lebelo
Naledi Mmekwa
Melanie Louw
Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri
Shingai B. A. Mutambirwa
Massimo Loda
Vanessa M. Hayes
M. S. Riana Bornman
author_sort Maphuti Tebogo Lebelo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Serum testosterone levels decrease in the aging male, while the risk for prostate cancer (PCa) increases concomitantly. Higher levels in younger men have been linked with racially driven PCa disparities, with African men disproportionately impacted. In turn, higher levels of serum lipids have been associated with aggressive disease, while racial disparity between serum testosterone, cholesterol and cancer mortality has been suggested. Having previously reported a 2.1-fold increased age-adjusted risk for aggressive PCa in Black South African over Black American men, we determined the serum testosterone and associated lipid levels in 250 Black South African men either with or without clinicopathologically diagnosed disease. Observing no associations with serum lipid levels, Black South Africans presented with testosterone levels between 1.24 (< 60 years) and 1.3-fold (≥ 60 years) greater than Black Americans. Notably, a rapid drop in total-, bioavailable- and free testosterone levels in men 65 years or older was significantly associated with PCa risk (P = 0.0057, 0.009 and 0.005, respectively), while irrespective of age, further associated with advanced disease (P = 0.004, 0.0012 and 0.0036, respectively). These preliminary data provide insights into the potential role of androgens in driving PCa health disparities, with important consequence for tailoring treatment for Black men.
format Article
id doaj-art-9f0b48e32c994da58df0b731015237bd
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-9f0b48e32c994da58df0b731015237bd2025-08-20T02:12:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-92539-yAssociating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparitiesMaphuti Tebogo Lebelo0Naledi Mmekwa1Melanie Louw2Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri3Shingai B. A. Mutambirwa4Massimo Loda5Vanessa M. Hayes6M. S. Riana Bornman7Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of PretoriaSchool of Health Systems & Public Health, University of PretoriaNational Health Laboratory ServicesAncestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of SydneyDepartment of Urology, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Sefako Makgatho Health Science UniversityDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weil Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell CampusSchool of Health Systems & Public Health, University of PretoriaNational Health Laboratory ServicesAbstract Serum testosterone levels decrease in the aging male, while the risk for prostate cancer (PCa) increases concomitantly. Higher levels in younger men have been linked with racially driven PCa disparities, with African men disproportionately impacted. In turn, higher levels of serum lipids have been associated with aggressive disease, while racial disparity between serum testosterone, cholesterol and cancer mortality has been suggested. Having previously reported a 2.1-fold increased age-adjusted risk for aggressive PCa in Black South African over Black American men, we determined the serum testosterone and associated lipid levels in 250 Black South African men either with or without clinicopathologically diagnosed disease. Observing no associations with serum lipid levels, Black South Africans presented with testosterone levels between 1.24 (< 60 years) and 1.3-fold (≥ 60 years) greater than Black Americans. Notably, a rapid drop in total-, bioavailable- and free testosterone levels in men 65 years or older was significantly associated with PCa risk (P = 0.0057, 0.009 and 0.005, respectively), while irrespective of age, further associated with advanced disease (P = 0.004, 0.0012 and 0.0036, respectively). These preliminary data provide insights into the potential role of androgens in driving PCa health disparities, with important consequence for tailoring treatment for Black men.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92539-yTestosteroneAfrican ancestryProstate cancerCholesterolHealth disparity
spellingShingle Maphuti Tebogo Lebelo
Naledi Mmekwa
Melanie Louw
Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri
Shingai B. A. Mutambirwa
Massimo Loda
Vanessa M. Hayes
M. S. Riana Bornman
Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
Scientific Reports
Testosterone
African ancestry
Prostate cancer
Cholesterol
Health disparity
title Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
title_full Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
title_fullStr Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
title_full_unstemmed Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
title_short Associating serum testosterone levels with African ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
title_sort associating serum testosterone levels with african ancestral prostate cancer health disparities
topic Testosterone
African ancestry
Prostate cancer
Cholesterol
Health disparity
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92539-y
work_keys_str_mv AT maphutitebogolebelo associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT naledimmekwa associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT melanielouw associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT weerachaijaratlerdsiri associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT shingaibamutambirwa associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT massimoloda associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT vanessamhayes associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities
AT msrianabornman associatingserumtestosteronelevelswithafricanancestralprostatecancerhealthdisparities