3D cryo-printed hierarchical porous scaffolds provide immobilization of surface-functionalized sleep-inspired small extracellular vesicles: synergistic therapeutic strategies for vascularized bone regeneration based on macrophage phenotype modulation and angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling

3D cryo-printed hierarchical porous scaffolds provide immobilization of surface-functionalized sleep-inspired small extracellular vesicles: synergistic therapeutic strategies for vascularized bone regeneration based on macrophage phenotype modulation and angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling

Abstract Bone defect healing is a multi-factorial process involving the inflammatory microenvironment, bone regeneration and the formation of blood vessels, and remains a great challenge in clinical practice. Combined use of three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds and bioactive factors is an emergi...

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Main Authors: Xu-Ran Li, Qing-Song Deng, Shu-Hang He, Po-Lin Liu, Yuan Gao, Zhan-Ying Wei, Chang-Ru Zhang, Fei Wang, Tong-He Zhu, Helen Dawes, Bi-Yu Rui, Shi-Cong Tao, Shang-Chun Guo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Subjects:
3D printing
Extracellular vesicles
Vascularized bone regeneration
Surface functionalization
Macrophage polarization
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02977-5
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02977-5

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