Is the social withdrawal subscale a valid instrument to assess social withdrawal among colorectal cancer survivors with permanent stomas? A validation study

Abstract Background Although social withdrawal is common among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors with permanent stomas, it has been poorly addressed due to a lack of valid assessment tools. The social withdrawal subscale (SWS) from the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale shows promise...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Guopeng Li, Xudong He, Qi Yao, Xiaoling Dong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Psychiatry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06641-6
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