Translation and psychometric validation of the Persian version of the toxic leadership behaviors questionnaire in nursing management
Abstract Introduction The ToxBH-NM scale, which assesses toxic leadership behaviors in nurse managers, is a questionnaire specifically developed for this purpose. The necessity for further research to identify and evaluate toxic leadership styles in Iranian contexts underscores the significance of p...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Nursing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03330-3 |
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