Rapamycin mitigates neurotoxicity of fluoride and aluminum by activating autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway in hippocampal neurons and NG108-15 cells

Rapamycin mitigates neurotoxicity of fluoride and aluminum by activating autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway in hippocampal neurons and NG108-15 cells

Abstract Our previous studies have confirmed that fluoride combined with aluminum (FA) can induce hippocampal neuron damage in the second-generation offspring (F2) of rats; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we established an F2 rat model and an NG108-15 cell model to...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dan Tao, Ya Xia, Qilong Liao, Xuemei Yang, Luwen Zhang, Chun Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Fluoride combined with aluminum
Autophagy
Hippocampus
Rapamycin
AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94648-0
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94648-0

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