Vitamins C and E alleviate the deleterious effects of electronic cigarettes on tongue muscles and nerves in rat model

Abstract Background This study evaluated the ultrastructural effects of electronic cigarettes’ (EC) exposure in rat lingual nerves and muscles and assessed the therapeutic roles of vitamins C, E, and their combination. Methods Forty adult male albino rats were allocated into 5 groups. Control: injec...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yasmine M. Tolba, Raghda A. Abou ayana, Dina A. Nagui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06523-z
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