Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency
Abstract This study aims to refine sterile cesarean section techniques, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and foster mother selection strategies to enhance the efficiency of germ-free (GF) mouse production. We conducted the following analyses: (1) comparing different cesarean section methods, (2) evaluat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05411-4 |
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| author | Yuting Yang Weimin He Jingqiang Li Jinhui Wang Yuyan Tang Haitao Shang |
| author_facet | Yuting Yang Weimin He Jingqiang Li Jinhui Wang Yuyan Tang Haitao Shang |
| author_sort | Yuting Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study aims to refine sterile cesarean section techniques, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and foster mother selection strategies to enhance the efficiency of germ-free (GF) mouse production. We conducted the following analyses: (1) comparing different cesarean section methods, (2) evaluating the impact of natural mating versus in vitro fertilization (IVF) for obtaining donor mice, and (3) assessing maternal care among three inbred strains (C57BL/6J, BALB/c, NSG) and one outbred strain (KM) as GF foster mothers. The results showed that optimizing surgical methods which preserve the female reproductive tract during cesarean section (FRT-CS), significantly improved fetal survival rates while maintaining sterility. IVF enabled precise control over donor delivery dates, enhancing experimental reproducibility. Among GF foster strains, BALB/c and NSG mice exhibited superior nursing and weaning success, whereas C57BL/6J had the lowest weaning rate, in stark contrast to findings on maternal care in SPF C57BL/6J foster mothers. These findings offer practical guidance for optimizing GF mouse production, improving the efficiency of obtaining germ-free mice through cesarean derivation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-89bc42e197e64a8ab3afb1fd6b317ed5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-89bc42e197e64a8ab3afb1fd6b317ed52025-08-20T03:04:38ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-011511910.1038/s41598-025-05411-4Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiencyYuting Yang0Weimin He1Jingqiang Li2Jinhui Wang3Yuyan Tang4Haitao Shang5Germ-Free Mouse Research Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGerm-Free Mouse Research Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji UniversityGerm-Free Mouse Research Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGerm-Free Mouse Research Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGerm-Free Mouse Research Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityAbstract This study aims to refine sterile cesarean section techniques, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and foster mother selection strategies to enhance the efficiency of germ-free (GF) mouse production. We conducted the following analyses: (1) comparing different cesarean section methods, (2) evaluating the impact of natural mating versus in vitro fertilization (IVF) for obtaining donor mice, and (3) assessing maternal care among three inbred strains (C57BL/6J, BALB/c, NSG) and one outbred strain (KM) as GF foster mothers. The results showed that optimizing surgical methods which preserve the female reproductive tract during cesarean section (FRT-CS), significantly improved fetal survival rates while maintaining sterility. IVF enabled precise control over donor delivery dates, enhancing experimental reproducibility. Among GF foster strains, BALB/c and NSG mice exhibited superior nursing and weaning success, whereas C57BL/6J had the lowest weaning rate, in stark contrast to findings on maternal care in SPF C57BL/6J foster mothers. These findings offer practical guidance for optimizing GF mouse production, improving the efficiency of obtaining germ-free mice through cesarean derivation.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05411-4 |
| spellingShingle | Yuting Yang Weimin He Jingqiang Li Jinhui Wang Yuyan Tang Haitao Shang Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency Scientific Reports |
| title | Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency |
| title_full | Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency |
| title_fullStr | Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency |
| title_short | Optimized cesarean techniques, IVF use, and foster strain selection enhance germ-free mouse production efficiency |
| title_sort | optimized cesarean techniques ivf use and foster strain selection enhance germ free mouse production efficiency |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05411-4 |
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