Federated Learning and EEL-Levy Optimization in CPS ShieldNet Fusion: A New Paradigm for Cyber–Physical Security

Federated Learning and EEL-Levy Optimization in CPS ShieldNet Fusion: A New Paradigm for Cyber–Physical Security

As cyber–physical systems are applied not only to crucial infrastructure but also to day-to-day technologies, from industrial control systems through to smart grids and medical devices, they have become very significant. Cyber–physical systems are a target for various security attacks, too; their gr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nalini Manogaran, Yamini Bhavani Shankar, Malarvizhi Nandagopal, Hui-Kai Su, Wen-Kai Kuo, Sanmugasundaram Ravichandran, Koteeswaran Seerangan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
cyber–physical systems (CPSs)
security
federated learning
optimization
artificial intelligence (AI)
cyber threats
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3617
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https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3617

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