The strength of the Yellowstone trophic cascade after wolf reintroduction

Trophic cascades, the indirect effects of predators propagating downward through food webs, play a critical role in shaping ecosystems. We evaluated the strength of a large carnivore-induced trophic cascade in northern Yellowstone National Park, focusing on riparian willows (Salix spp.) as primary p...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: William J. Ripple, Robert L. Beschta, Christopher Wolf, Luke E. Painter, Aaron J. Wirsing
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Global Ecology and Conservation
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989425000290
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