Structural insights into pyridinium-based dicationic surfactants at harsh conditions: Influence of spacer groups on thermal stability and surface properties

The structural properties of surfactants are essential for understanding their behavior and sustainability under extreme conditions, such as high temperatures and varying salinities. In this study, four pyridinium-based dicationic surfactants with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic spacer groups...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Israr, Ahmad Mahboob, Masooma Nazar, Syed Muhammad Shakil Hussain, Muhammad Shahzad Kamal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-02-01
Series:Heliyon
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025010059
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