Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Differentiating thoracic malignant tumors, such as epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), primarily comprising lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), remains a challenge in rou...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Shin-ya Katsuragi Yuri Sakano Isao Ohta Hisami Kato Rei Ishikawa Hirofumi Watanabe Ryosuke Miyazaki Katsuhiro Yoshimura Hidetaka Yamada Yasuhiro Sakai Yusuke Inoue Yusuke Takanashi Keigo Sekihara Kazuhito Funai Yoshiro Otsuki Hideya Kawasaki Kazuya Shinmura |
| author_facet | Shin-ya Katsuragi Yuri Sakano Isao Ohta Hisami Kato Rei Ishikawa Hirofumi Watanabe Ryosuke Miyazaki Katsuhiro Yoshimura Hidetaka Yamada Yasuhiro Sakai Yusuke Inoue Yusuke Takanashi Keigo Sekihara Kazuhito Funai Yoshiro Otsuki Hideya Kawasaki Kazuya Shinmura |
| author_sort | Shin-ya Katsuragi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Differentiating thoracic malignant tumors, such as epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), primarily comprising lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), remains a challenge in routine pathological diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether podoplanin (PDPN) immunohistochemistry combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using the NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) methods could serve as a reliable tool for distinguishing these thoracic malignancies. <b>Methods/Results:</b> Initially, PDPN expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 11 EMPM, 100 LAC, and 23 LSCC cases. PDPN positivity was predominantly observed in the cell membrane and was significantly more frequent in EMPM (100%) than in LAC (2%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) or LSCC (43.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.0018). Subsequently, field emission–SEM (FE-SEM) observations of PDPN-positive sites on immunohistochemical slides, conducted using the NanoSuit-CLEM method, revealed distinctive ultrastructural features. EMPM exhibited densely packed, elongated microvilli, whereas such structures were absent in LAC and LSCC. Furthermore, analysis of thick-cut sections (20 μm) demonstrated extensive microvilli coverage characteristic of EMPM. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that the combined approach of PDPN immunohistochemistry and FE-SEM observation of PDPN-positive sites, using the NanoSuit-CLEM method, constitutes an effective diagnostic strategy for enhancing the accuracy of distinguishing EMPM from NSCLCs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-84b3cdeba790499b8043b8d779174873 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-84b3cdeba790499b8043b8d7791748732025-08-20T02:33:59ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-05-011510129810.3390/diagnostics15101298Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant TumorsShin-ya Katsuragi0Yuri Sakano1Isao Ohta2Hisami Kato3Rei Ishikawa4Hirofumi Watanabe5Ryosuke Miyazaki6Katsuhiro Yoshimura7Hidetaka Yamada8Yasuhiro Sakai9Yusuke Inoue10Yusuke Takanashi11Keigo Sekihara12Kazuhito Funai13Yoshiro Otsuki14Hideya Kawasaki15Kazuya Shinmura16Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanNanoSuit Research Laboratory, Division of Preeminent Bioimaging Research, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanAdvanced Research Facilities and Services, Division of Preeminent Research Supports, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanSecond Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Surgery 1, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Pathology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, JapanNanoSuit Research Laboratory, Division of Preeminent Bioimaging Research, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Differentiating thoracic malignant tumors, such as epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), primarily comprising lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), remains a challenge in routine pathological diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether podoplanin (PDPN) immunohistochemistry combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using the NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) methods could serve as a reliable tool for distinguishing these thoracic malignancies. <b>Methods/Results:</b> Initially, PDPN expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 11 EMPM, 100 LAC, and 23 LSCC cases. PDPN positivity was predominantly observed in the cell membrane and was significantly more frequent in EMPM (100%) than in LAC (2%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) or LSCC (43.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.0018). Subsequently, field emission–SEM (FE-SEM) observations of PDPN-positive sites on immunohistochemical slides, conducted using the NanoSuit-CLEM method, revealed distinctive ultrastructural features. EMPM exhibited densely packed, elongated microvilli, whereas such structures were absent in LAC and LSCC. Furthermore, analysis of thick-cut sections (20 μm) demonstrated extensive microvilli coverage characteristic of EMPM. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that the combined approach of PDPN immunohistochemistry and FE-SEM observation of PDPN-positive sites, using the NanoSuit-CLEM method, constitutes an effective diagnostic strategy for enhancing the accuracy of distinguishing EMPM from NSCLCs.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/10/1298epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM)lung adenocarcinoma (LAC)lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC)microvilliNanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) methodnon-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) |
| spellingShingle | Shin-ya Katsuragi Yuri Sakano Isao Ohta Hisami Kato Rei Ishikawa Hirofumi Watanabe Ryosuke Miyazaki Katsuhiro Yoshimura Hidetaka Yamada Yasuhiro Sakai Yusuke Inoue Yusuke Takanashi Keigo Sekihara Kazuhito Funai Yoshiro Otsuki Hideya Kawasaki Kazuya Shinmura Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors Diagnostics epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM) lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) microvilli NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) method non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) |
| title | Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors |
| title_full | Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors |
| title_short | Diagnostic Utility of Podoplanin Immunohistochemistry Combined with the NanoSuit-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy Method for Thoracic Malignant Tumors |
| title_sort | diagnostic utility of podoplanin immunohistochemistry combined with the nanosuit correlative light and electron microscopy method for thoracic malignant tumors |
| topic | epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (EMPM) lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) microvilli NanoSuit-correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) method non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/10/1298 |
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