Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application

Unbiased estimators are valuable when no auxiliary information is available beyond the primary study variables. However, once auxiliary information is accessible, biased estimators with smaller Mean Square Error (MSE) often outperform unbiased estimators that have large variances. We sought to devel...

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Main Authors: Khazan Sher, Muhammad Ameeq, Muhammad Muneeb Hassan, Basem A. Alkhaleel, Sidra Naz, Olyan Albalawi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AIMS Press 2025-03-01
Series:AIMS Mathematics
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Online Access:https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/math.2025254
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author Khazan Sher
Muhammad Ameeq
Muhammad Muneeb Hassan
Basem A. Alkhaleel
Sidra Naz
Olyan Albalawi
author_facet Khazan Sher
Muhammad Ameeq
Muhammad Muneeb Hassan
Basem A. Alkhaleel
Sidra Naz
Olyan Albalawi
author_sort Khazan Sher
collection DOAJ
description Unbiased estimators are valuable when no auxiliary information is available beyond the primary study variables. However, once auxiliary information is accessible, biased estimators with smaller Mean Square Error (MSE) often outperform unbiased estimators that have large variances. We sought to develop new estimators that incorporate a single auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling. This study contributes to the field by introducing two distinct families of estimators designed to estimate the finite population mean. We conducted a theoretical evaluation of the estimators' performance by examining bias and MSE derived under first-order approximation. Additionally, we established the theoretical conditions necessary for the proposed estimator families to exhibit superior performance compared with existing alternatives. Empirical and simulation-based studies demonstrated significant improvements in estimators over competing estimators for finite-population parameter estimation.
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spelling doaj-art-83aee90b0d204db8b171d76dd1b49fa32025-08-20T02:26:19ZengAIMS PressAIMS Mathematics2473-69882025-03-011035495553110.3934/math.2025254Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with applicationKhazan Sher0Muhammad Ameeq1Muhammad Muneeb Hassan2Basem A. Alkhaleel3Sidra Naz4Olyan Albalawi5Department of Statistics University of Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Statistics, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab PakistanDepartment of Statistics, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab PakistanDepartment of Industrial Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Statistics, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab PakistanDepartment of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk Saudi ArabiaUnbiased estimators are valuable when no auxiliary information is available beyond the primary study variables. However, once auxiliary information is accessible, biased estimators with smaller Mean Square Error (MSE) often outperform unbiased estimators that have large variances. We sought to develop new estimators that incorporate a single auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling. This study contributes to the field by introducing two distinct families of estimators designed to estimate the finite population mean. We conducted a theoretical evaluation of the estimators' performance by examining bias and MSE derived under first-order approximation. Additionally, we established the theoretical conditions necessary for the proposed estimator families to exhibit superior performance compared with existing alternatives. Empirical and simulation-based studies demonstrated significant improvements in estimators over competing estimators for finite-population parameter estimation.https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/math.2025254unbiasednessauxiliarystratified random samplingefficiencymean square error
spellingShingle Khazan Sher
Muhammad Ameeq
Muhammad Muneeb Hassan
Basem A. Alkhaleel
Sidra Naz
Olyan Albalawi
Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
AIMS Mathematics
unbiasedness
auxiliary
stratified random sampling
efficiency
mean square error
title Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
title_full Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
title_fullStr Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
title_full_unstemmed Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
title_short Novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
title_sort novel efficient estimators of finite population mean in stratified random sampling with application
topic unbiasedness
auxiliary
stratified random sampling
efficiency
mean square error
url https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/math.2025254
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