Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels

Hydrogels can improve the delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) by providing crucial biophysical cues that mimic the extracellular matrix. The differentiation of MSCs is dependent on biophysical cues like stiffness and viscoelasticity, yet conventional hydrogels cannot be dynamically altered...

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Main Authors: Somnath Maji, Mitra Aliabouzar, Carole Quesada, Anjali Chiravuri, Aidan Macpherson, Abigail Pinch, Karsyn Kazyak, Ziyad Emara, Bachir A. Abeid, Robert N. Kent, III, Firaol S. Midekssa, Man Zhang, Brendon M. Baker, Renny T. Franceschi, Mario L. Fabiilli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-01-01
Series:Bioactive Materials
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004134
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author Somnath Maji
Mitra Aliabouzar
Carole Quesada
Anjali Chiravuri
Aidan Macpherson
Abigail Pinch
Karsyn Kazyak
Ziyad Emara
Bachir A. Abeid
Robert N. Kent, III
Firaol S. Midekssa
Man Zhang
Brendon M. Baker
Renny T. Franceschi
Mario L. Fabiilli
author_facet Somnath Maji
Mitra Aliabouzar
Carole Quesada
Anjali Chiravuri
Aidan Macpherson
Abigail Pinch
Karsyn Kazyak
Ziyad Emara
Bachir A. Abeid
Robert N. Kent, III
Firaol S. Midekssa
Man Zhang
Brendon M. Baker
Renny T. Franceschi
Mario L. Fabiilli
author_sort Somnath Maji
collection DOAJ
description Hydrogels can improve the delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) by providing crucial biophysical cues that mimic the extracellular matrix. The differentiation of MSCs is dependent on biophysical cues like stiffness and viscoelasticity, yet conventional hydrogels cannot be dynamically altered after fabrication and implantation to actively direct differentiation. We developed a composite hydrogel, consisting of type I collagen and phase-shift emulsion, where osteogenic differentiation of MSCs can be non-invasively modulated using ultrasound. When exposed to ultrasound, the emulsion within the hydrogel was non-thermally vaporized into bubbles, which locally compacted and stiffened the collagen matrix surrounding each bubble. Bubble growth and matrix compaction were correlated, with collagen regions proximal (i.e., ≤ ∼60 μm) to the bubble displaying a 2.5-fold increase in Young's modulus compared to distal regions (i.e., > ∼60 μm). The viability and proliferation of MSCs, which were encapsulated within the composite hydrogel, were not impacted by bubble formation. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed encapsulated MSCs exhibited significantly elevated levels of RUNX2 and osteocalcin, markers of osteogenic differentiation, in collagen regions proximal to the bubble compared to distal regions. Additionally, alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition were enhanced adjacent to the bubble. An opposite trend was observed for CD90, a marker of MSC stemness. Following subcutaneous implantation, bubbles persisted in the hydrogels for two weeks, which led to localized collagen alignment and increases in nuclear asymmetry. These results are a significant step toward controlling the 3D differentiation of MSCs in a non-invasive and on-demand manner.
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spelling doaj-art-81b099d5ebfa4d7aa354f8695d4cdc632025-08-20T02:33:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Bioactive Materials2452-199X2025-01-0143829710.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.09.018Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogelsSomnath Maji0Mitra Aliabouzar1Carole Quesada2Anjali Chiravuri3Aidan Macpherson4Abigail Pinch5Karsyn Kazyak6Ziyad Emara7Bachir A. Abeid8Robert N. Kent, III9Firaol S. Midekssa10Man Zhang11Brendon M. Baker12Renny T. Franceschi13Mario L. Fabiilli14Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Corresponding author. University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine Street, 6436C Medical Sciences Building I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.Hydrogels can improve the delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) by providing crucial biophysical cues that mimic the extracellular matrix. The differentiation of MSCs is dependent on biophysical cues like stiffness and viscoelasticity, yet conventional hydrogels cannot be dynamically altered after fabrication and implantation to actively direct differentiation. We developed a composite hydrogel, consisting of type I collagen and phase-shift emulsion, where osteogenic differentiation of MSCs can be non-invasively modulated using ultrasound. When exposed to ultrasound, the emulsion within the hydrogel was non-thermally vaporized into bubbles, which locally compacted and stiffened the collagen matrix surrounding each bubble. Bubble growth and matrix compaction were correlated, with collagen regions proximal (i.e., ≤ ∼60 μm) to the bubble displaying a 2.5-fold increase in Young's modulus compared to distal regions (i.e., > ∼60 μm). The viability and proliferation of MSCs, which were encapsulated within the composite hydrogel, were not impacted by bubble formation. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed encapsulated MSCs exhibited significantly elevated levels of RUNX2 and osteocalcin, markers of osteogenic differentiation, in collagen regions proximal to the bubble compared to distal regions. Additionally, alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition were enhanced adjacent to the bubble. An opposite trend was observed for CD90, a marker of MSC stemness. Following subcutaneous implantation, bubbles persisted in the hydrogels for two weeks, which led to localized collagen alignment and increases in nuclear asymmetry. These results are a significant step toward controlling the 3D differentiation of MSCs in a non-invasive and on-demand manner.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004134UltrasoundAcoustic droplet vaporizationCollagenMesenchymal stromal cellDifferentiationMechanobiology
spellingShingle Somnath Maji
Mitra Aliabouzar
Carole Quesada
Anjali Chiravuri
Aidan Macpherson
Abigail Pinch
Karsyn Kazyak
Ziyad Emara
Bachir A. Abeid
Robert N. Kent, III
Firaol S. Midekssa
Man Zhang
Brendon M. Baker
Renny T. Franceschi
Mario L. Fabiilli
Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
Bioactive Materials
Ultrasound
Acoustic droplet vaporization
Collagen
Mesenchymal stromal cell
Differentiation
Mechanobiology
title Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
title_full Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
title_fullStr Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
title_short Ultrasound-generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
title_sort ultrasound generated bubbles enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells in composite collagen hydrogels
topic Ultrasound
Acoustic droplet vaporization
Collagen
Mesenchymal stromal cell
Differentiation
Mechanobiology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24004134
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