Simulations and active learning enable efficient identification of an experimentally-validated broad coronavirus inhibitor

Abstract Drug screening resembles finding a needle in a haystack: identifying a few effective inhibitors from a large pool of potential drugs. Large experimental screens are expensive and time-consuming, while virtual screening trades off computational efficiency and experimental correlation. Here w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Katarina Elez, Tim Hempel, Jonathan H. Shrimp, Nicole Moor, Lluís Raich, Cheila Rocha, Robin Winter, Tuan Le, Stefan Pöhlmann, Markus Hoffmann, Matthew D. Hall, Frank Noé
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62139-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract Drug screening resembles finding a needle in a haystack: identifying a few effective inhibitors from a large pool of potential drugs. Large experimental screens are expensive and time-consuming, while virtual screening trades off computational efficiency and experimental correlation. Here we develop a framework that combines molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with active learning. Two components drastically reduce the number of candidates needing experimental testing to less than 20: (1) a target-specific score that evaluates target inhibition and (2) extensive MD simulations to generate a receptor ensemble. The active learning approach reduces the number of compounds requiring experimental testing to less than 10 and cuts computational costs by ∼29-fold. Using this framework, we discovered BMS-262084 as a potent inhibitor of TMPRSS2 (IC50 = 1.82 nM). Cell-based experiments confirmed BMS-262084’s efficacy in blocking entry of various SARS-CoV-2 variants and other coronaviruses. The identified inhibitor holds promise for treating viral and other diseases involving TMPRSS2.
ISSN:2041-1723