Antimony production by carbothermic reduction of stibnite in the presence of lime
Experimental work on the carbothermic reduction of Sb2S3 in the presence of lime was carried out in the temperature range of 973 to 1123 K to produce antimony in an environmentally friendly manner. The results demonstrated the technical feasibility of producing antimony by this method witho...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2014/1450-53391400003P.pdf |
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| Summary: | Experimental work on the carbothermic reduction of Sb2S3 in the presence of
lime was carried out in the temperature range of 973 to 1123 K to produce
antimony in an environmentally friendly manner. The results demonstrated the
technical feasibility of producing antimony by this method without producing
SO2 gas. Complete conversion of Sb2S3 was obtained at 1023 K in about 1000
seconds and at 1123 K in less than 250 seconds using stibnite-carbon-lime
mixtures with molar ratios Sb2S3:CaO:C = 1:3:3. It was found that the
reduction proceeds through the formation of an intermediate oxide SbO2, which
is subsequently reduced by CO(g) to yield antimony metal and CaS. The
kinetics of the Sb2S3 reduction was analyzed by using the equation ln(1-X) =
-kt. The activation energy was 233 kJ mol-1 in the temperature range of 973
to 1123 K. This value would correspond to an antimony catalyzed carbon
oxidation by CO2. |
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| ISSN: | 1450-5339 |