Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC

Laser vision sensors for weld seam extraction face critical challenges due to arc light and spatter interference in welding environments. This paper presents a real-time weld seam extraction method. The proposed framework enhances robustness through the sequential processing of historical frame data...

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Main Authors: Guojun Chen, Yanduo Zhang, Yuming Ai, Baocheng Yu, Wenxia Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3268
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author Guojun Chen
Yanduo Zhang
Yuming Ai
Baocheng Yu
Wenxia Xu
author_facet Guojun Chen
Yanduo Zhang
Yuming Ai
Baocheng Yu
Wenxia Xu
author_sort Guojun Chen
collection DOAJ
description Laser vision sensors for weld seam extraction face critical challenges due to arc light and spatter interference in welding environments. This paper presents a real-time weld seam extraction method. The proposed framework enhances robustness through the sequential processing of historical frame data. First, an initial noise-free laser stripe image of the weld seam is acquired prior to arc ignition, from which the laser stripe region and slope characteristics are extracted. Subsequently, during welding, a dynamic region of interest (ROI) is generated for the current frame based on the preceding frame, effectively suppressing spatter and arc interference. Within the ROI, adaptive Otsu thresholding segmentation and morphological filtering are applied to isolate the laser stripe. An optimized RANSAC algorithm, incorporating slope constraints derived from historical frames, is then employed to achieve robust laser stripe fitting. The geometric center coordinates of the weld seam are derived through the rigorous analysis of the optimized laser stripe profile. Experimental results from various types of weld seam extraction validated the accuracy and real-time performance of the proposed method.
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id doaj-art-7e8fa1d45ae04e1fb1d32777407e352a
institution DOAJ
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-7e8fa1d45ae04e1fb1d32777407e352a2025-08-20T03:11:32ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012511326810.3390/s25113268Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSACGuojun Chen0Yanduo Zhang1Yuming Ai2Baocheng Yu3Wenxia Xu4School of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, ChinaLaser vision sensors for weld seam extraction face critical challenges due to arc light and spatter interference in welding environments. This paper presents a real-time weld seam extraction method. The proposed framework enhances robustness through the sequential processing of historical frame data. First, an initial noise-free laser stripe image of the weld seam is acquired prior to arc ignition, from which the laser stripe region and slope characteristics are extracted. Subsequently, during welding, a dynamic region of interest (ROI) is generated for the current frame based on the preceding frame, effectively suppressing spatter and arc interference. Within the ROI, adaptive Otsu thresholding segmentation and morphological filtering are applied to isolate the laser stripe. An optimized RANSAC algorithm, incorporating slope constraints derived from historical frames, is then employed to achieve robust laser stripe fitting. The geometric center coordinates of the weld seam are derived through the rigorous analysis of the optimized laser stripe profile. Experimental results from various types of weld seam extraction validated the accuracy and real-time performance of the proposed method.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3268laser visiondynamic ROIoptimized RANSACweld seam extraction
spellingShingle Guojun Chen
Yanduo Zhang
Yuming Ai
Baocheng Yu
Wenxia Xu
Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
Sensors
laser vision
dynamic ROI
optimized RANSAC
weld seam extraction
title Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
title_full Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
title_fullStr Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
title_full_unstemmed Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
title_short Real-Time Seam Extraction Using Laser Vision Sensing: Hybrid Approach with Dynamic ROI and Optimized RANSAC
title_sort real time seam extraction using laser vision sensing hybrid approach with dynamic roi and optimized ransac
topic laser vision
dynamic ROI
optimized RANSAC
weld seam extraction
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3268
work_keys_str_mv AT guojunchen realtimeseamextractionusinglaservisionsensinghybridapproachwithdynamicroiandoptimizedransac
AT yanduozhang realtimeseamextractionusinglaservisionsensinghybridapproachwithdynamicroiandoptimizedransac
AT yumingai realtimeseamextractionusinglaservisionsensinghybridapproachwithdynamicroiandoptimizedransac
AT baochengyu realtimeseamextractionusinglaservisionsensinghybridapproachwithdynamicroiandoptimizedransac
AT wenxiaxu realtimeseamextractionusinglaservisionsensinghybridapproachwithdynamicroiandoptimizedransac