Crude extracts from Diospyros gilletii stem bark attenuate Shigella flexneri-induced diarrhea in mice
Objective: To evaluate the anti-shigellosis activity of the hydroethanol extract of Diospyros gilletii (D. gilletii) stem bark in Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri)-induced diarrheal mice. Methods: The hydroethanolic extract was obtained by maceration of D. gilletii stem bark in 70% hydroethanol (water...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_713_24 |
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| Summary: | Objective:
To evaluate the anti-shigellosis activity of the hydroethanol extract of Diospyros gilletii (D. gilletii) stem bark in Shigella flexneri (S. flexneri)-induced diarrheal mice.
Methods:
The hydroethanolic extract was obtained by maceration of D. gilletii stem bark in 70% hydroethanol (waterethanol; 30:70, v/v) solution. Then, mice pretreated with cyclophosphamide for immunosuppression were administered orally with an inoculum containing S. flexneri, and subsequently treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the hydroethanol extracts for 10 days. The bacterial colonies were enumerated and hematological and biochemical parameters were determined. Serum pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, and nitric oxide levels were quantified by ELISA. Histological analyses of the kidney, liver, and colon were also conducted.
Results:
Treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg of the hydroethanolic extracts markedly inhibited the growth of S. flexneri. Moreover, treatment with D. gilletii extract downregulated the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, and restored hematological and biochemical parameters as well as histological architecture of the colon, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, the oral administration of 2000 mg/kg D. gilletii extract did not induce any sign of toxicity, with a median lethal dose greater than 2000 mg/kg.
Conclusions:
D. gilletii extract demonstrates the anti-shigellosis effects in S. flexneri-induced diarrheal mice, supporting the traditional use of this plant in treating diarrhea. |
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| ISSN: | 2221-1691 2588-9222 |