Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice

Abstract Background Medical education has predominantly adhered to a process-based education model. Recently, outcome-based education (OBE) has emerged as a dominant pedagogical framework, facilitating simultaneous acquisition of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and clinical experience. In 2...

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Main Authors: Tsuyoshi Oshiro, Shintaro Suzuki, Naoki Kagawa, Himawari Ono, Rieko Goto, Atsuko Furuta, Makiko Arima, Shizuma Tsuchiya, Hiroaki Ogata, Edward Barroga, Miki Izumi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Medical Education
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07678-7
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author Tsuyoshi Oshiro
Shintaro Suzuki
Naoki Kagawa
Himawari Ono
Rieko Goto
Atsuko Furuta
Makiko Arima
Shizuma Tsuchiya
Hiroaki Ogata
Edward Barroga
Miki Izumi
author_facet Tsuyoshi Oshiro
Shintaro Suzuki
Naoki Kagawa
Himawari Ono
Rieko Goto
Atsuko Furuta
Makiko Arima
Shizuma Tsuchiya
Hiroaki Ogata
Edward Barroga
Miki Izumi
author_sort Tsuyoshi Oshiro
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Medical education has predominantly adhered to a process-based education model. Recently, outcome-based education (OBE) has emerged as a dominant pedagogical framework, facilitating simultaneous acquisition of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and clinical experience. In 2020, our medical school implemented a new curriculum designed to integrate clinical skills training and experiential learning with foundational knowledge from the first year. Herein, we evaluated whether the clinical competencies of New Curriculum Students (NCS) are superior to the clinical competencies of Traditional Curriculum Students (TCS). Specifically, we clarified how self-assessment scores related to competencies in “Professional practice skills” evolved over time, and analyzed the longitudinal trends in self-assessment scores. Methods We included TCS enrolled between 2016 and 2019, and NCS enrolled between 2020 and 2023. Self-assessment of students’ competencies in “Professional practice skills,” a core component of our institution’s competency framework, was conducted by online survey. Competency levels were categorized into Levels A, B, and C. Results The self-assessment scores of NCS were significantly higher than those of TCS across most competency domains of “Professional practice skills.” The “Medical interview and physical examination” competency revealed that first-year NCS achieved scores equivalent to those of fourth-year TCS. These scores were either maintained or improved as students progressed in years. In the “Clinical skills” competency, NCS outperformed TCS at all levels from the first to the third year, and at Level A in the fourth year. In the “Medical record charting” competency, NCS achieved significantly higher scores than TCS across all levels during the first and second years. Discussion The early acquisition of clinical skills and exposure to clinical practice enabled students to consistently maintain high self-assessment scores. A curriculum design aligned with OBE appears to foster a heightened sense of self-efficacy among students. This approach is anticipated to facilitate a seamless transition into clinical responsibilities as future physicians.
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spelling doaj-art-7ab215c6ec844bfb981ca48bc3fd60d12025-08-20T04:03:06ZengBMCBMC Medical Education1472-69202025-08-0125111110.1186/s12909-025-07678-7Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practiceTsuyoshi Oshiro0Shintaro Suzuki1Naoki Kagawa2Himawari Ono3Rieko Goto4Atsuko Furuta5Makiko Arima6Shizuma Tsuchiya7Hiroaki Ogata8Edward Barroga9Miki Izumi10Department of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineInternational Exchange Center, Showa Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineInternational Exchange Center, Showa Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineMedical English Education Center, Showa Medical UniversityDepartment of Medical Education, Showa Medical University School of MedicineAbstract Background Medical education has predominantly adhered to a process-based education model. Recently, outcome-based education (OBE) has emerged as a dominant pedagogical framework, facilitating simultaneous acquisition of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and clinical experience. In 2020, our medical school implemented a new curriculum designed to integrate clinical skills training and experiential learning with foundational knowledge from the first year. Herein, we evaluated whether the clinical competencies of New Curriculum Students (NCS) are superior to the clinical competencies of Traditional Curriculum Students (TCS). Specifically, we clarified how self-assessment scores related to competencies in “Professional practice skills” evolved over time, and analyzed the longitudinal trends in self-assessment scores. Methods We included TCS enrolled between 2016 and 2019, and NCS enrolled between 2020 and 2023. Self-assessment of students’ competencies in “Professional practice skills,” a core component of our institution’s competency framework, was conducted by online survey. Competency levels were categorized into Levels A, B, and C. Results The self-assessment scores of NCS were significantly higher than those of TCS across most competency domains of “Professional practice skills.” The “Medical interview and physical examination” competency revealed that first-year NCS achieved scores equivalent to those of fourth-year TCS. These scores were either maintained or improved as students progressed in years. In the “Clinical skills” competency, NCS outperformed TCS at all levels from the first to the third year, and at Level A in the fourth year. In the “Medical record charting” competency, NCS achieved significantly higher scores than TCS across all levels during the first and second years. Discussion The early acquisition of clinical skills and exposure to clinical practice enabled students to consistently maintain high self-assessment scores. A curriculum design aligned with OBE appears to foster a heightened sense of self-efficacy among students. This approach is anticipated to facilitate a seamless transition into clinical responsibilities as future physicians.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07678-7Curriculum ReformEarly Clinical ExposureSelf-AssessmentClinical CompetenciesOutcome-Based Education (OBE)
spellingShingle Tsuyoshi Oshiro
Shintaro Suzuki
Naoki Kagawa
Himawari Ono
Rieko Goto
Atsuko Furuta
Makiko Arima
Shizuma Tsuchiya
Hiroaki Ogata
Edward Barroga
Miki Izumi
Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
BMC Medical Education
Curriculum Reform
Early Clinical Exposure
Self-Assessment
Clinical Competencies
Outcome-Based Education (OBE)
title Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
title_full Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
title_fullStr Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
title_full_unstemmed Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
title_short Integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self-assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
title_sort integration of early clinical exposure into curriculum enhances self assessment of professional competencies in medical practice
topic Curriculum Reform
Early Clinical Exposure
Self-Assessment
Clinical Competencies
Outcome-Based Education (OBE)
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-07678-7
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