Effects of esketamine infusion on tourniquet-induced hypertension in patients undergoing below-knee orthopedic surgery: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Introduction Application of a tourniquet reduces surgical bleeding while causing pain and tourniquet-induced hypertension (TIH). Deeper anesthesia and additional opioids are often insufficient to mitigate TIH but are associated with prolonged recovery and complications. Herein, we describe the proto...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kai Jiang, Wen-qian Zhao, Yao-yu Ying, Min-yuan Zhuang, Hai-jing Shi, Fu-hai Ji, Ke Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Annals of Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2478479
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