X-in-the-Loop Methodology for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems Design: Review of Advances and Challenges

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are seen as an alternative for heavy-duty transportation electrification. Powered by a green hydrogen source, they can provide high efficiency and low carbon emissions compared to traditional fuels. However, to be competitive, these systems require high r...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hugo Lambert, David Hernàndez-Torres, Clément Retière, Laurent Garnier, Jean-Philippe Poirot-Crouvezier
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3774
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