Association between blood heavy metal levels and COPD risk: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES data

ObjectiveHeavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) are commonly found in the environment and could increase the risk of COPD, potentially through key biological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Nonetheless, evidence on the asso...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xingshi Hua, Lingyun Zhu, He Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1494336/full
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