Interest, enjoyment, and confidence in mathematics in the United States: exploring patterns across age, gender, race, and time

Abstract Background Although prior research has explored students’ affective experiences in mathematics and its demographic correlatives, additional studies are needed that: (1) use large national data sets; (2) incorporate a broad range of affective constructs; (3) consider trends in student affect...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tye G. Campbell, Katherine N. Vela, Tyler Powell
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-07-01
Series:Large-scale Assessments in Education
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-025-00258-7
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