The contribution of integrated and non-integrated pig farms to epidemiological dynamics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Italy

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a global challenge for swine production. Due to its high variability and limited cross-protection, immune-based control measures are only partially effective, emphasizing the critical role of biosecurity. A prior study on Italy’s large...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. Ustulin, D. Vio, C. Targhetta, C. Zanon, L. Ferino, G. Faustini, G. Franzo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13388-3
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