Epiphytic lichen as a bioindicator of air pollution across selected urban, suburban, and rural areas in Malaysia

Background : Lichens are widely recognized as bioindicators of air pollution due to their sensitivity to atmospheric contaminants. However, species-level responses in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia, remain underreported. This study investigates the relationship between lichen diversity and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nur Syafiqah Abd Hakim, Asmida Ismail, Mohd Talib Latif, Faezah Pardi, Rosla Zamzuri, Sofia Khalid, Faeiza Buyong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Ecological Society of Korea 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Ecology and Environment
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Online Access:http://www.e-jecoenv.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5141/jee.25.033
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