Surgery Versus Flexible Endoscopic Rubber Band Ligation for Grade 2 and 3 Internal Hemorrhoids

Surgery has traditionally been the primary treatment for symptomatic internal hemorrhoids. However, office-based interventions such as rubber band ligation (RBL) are increasingly used for Grades 1–3 hemorrhoids. Flexible endoscopic RBL offers a minimally invasive alternative, whereas surgery remains...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Diyaree Nihad Ismael
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Human Development 2025-06-01
Series:UHD Journal of Science and Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.uhd.edu.iq/index.php/uhdjst/article/view/1419
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