Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics
This work examines the effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on the ferrofluid flow characteristics. The hybrid nanofluids Al2O3–Cu (2%) flow through the horizontal channel and are heated from the bottom. The W-shaped baffles, attached to the heated bo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Open Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2025-0130 |
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| author | Togun Hussein Basem Ali Abdulrazzaq Tuqa Shashidhara Sumanth Mohammed Hayder I. Abed Azher M. Al-Thamir Mohaimen Sadeq Abdellatif M. Biswas Nirmalendu Yadav Krishna Kumar |
| author_facet | Togun Hussein Basem Ali Abdulrazzaq Tuqa Shashidhara Sumanth Mohammed Hayder I. Abed Azher M. Al-Thamir Mohaimen Sadeq Abdellatif M. Biswas Nirmalendu Yadav Krishna Kumar |
| author_sort | Togun Hussein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work examines the effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on the ferrofluid flow characteristics. The hybrid nanofluids Al2O3–Cu (2%) flow through the horizontal channel and are heated from the bottom. The W-shaped baffles, attached to the heated bottom wall, faced the right-hand side at an angle of 45° to the flow attack. Four different cases of baffle arrangements are also scrutinized. The mathematical models are analyzed numerically using the finite volume-based technique, adopting the k–w turbulence model. The key contribution of this study is the innovative combination of zigzag baffles with hybrid nanofluids, providing an effective passive method for improving heat transmission in industrial uses. The findings indicate substantial enhancements: a heat transfer improvement of up to 92.4% relative to smooth channel flow and a 48.5% increase in pressure drop. The research indicates that the orientation and positioning of the baffle substantially affect the density and intensity of created vortices, hence optimizing turbulence and flow redirection. Due to the reduction in the fluid velocity (initiated by the baffles) and increasing turbulence, the pressure in the flow passage increases with increasing Re, and the pressure reduces as the flow passes through the domain. The baffles’ direction has a considerable impact on the turbulence; the baffles’ top point and angle of direction also impact the flow direction and density of the swirls produced. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-72d67cbf1c484a1c9817f2632c943ade |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2391-5439 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-72d67cbf1c484a1c9817f2632c943ade2025-08-20T03:41:43ZengDe GruyterOpen Engineering2391-54392025-08-01151213510.1515/eng-2025-0130Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristicsTogun Hussein0Basem Ali1Abdulrazzaq Tuqa2Shashidhara Sumanth3Mohammed Hayder I.4Abed Azher M.5Al-Thamir Mohaimen6Sadeq Abdellatif M.7Biswas Nirmalendu8Yadav Krishna Kumar9Thi-Qar Technical College, Southern Technical University, Basrah, IraqAir Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, IraqDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IraqSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, NIT Calicut, Calicut, 673601, IndiaDepartment of Physics, College of Education, University of Garmian, Kalar, 46021, IraqCollege of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, IraqScientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, IraqDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, QatarDepartment of Power Engineering, Jadavpur University, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, IndiaFaculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal, 462044, IndiaThis work examines the effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on the ferrofluid flow characteristics. The hybrid nanofluids Al2O3–Cu (2%) flow through the horizontal channel and are heated from the bottom. The W-shaped baffles, attached to the heated bottom wall, faced the right-hand side at an angle of 45° to the flow attack. Four different cases of baffle arrangements are also scrutinized. The mathematical models are analyzed numerically using the finite volume-based technique, adopting the k–w turbulence model. The key contribution of this study is the innovative combination of zigzag baffles with hybrid nanofluids, providing an effective passive method for improving heat transmission in industrial uses. The findings indicate substantial enhancements: a heat transfer improvement of up to 92.4% relative to smooth channel flow and a 48.5% increase in pressure drop. The research indicates that the orientation and positioning of the baffle substantially affect the density and intensity of created vortices, hence optimizing turbulence and flow redirection. Due to the reduction in the fluid velocity (initiated by the baffles) and increasing turbulence, the pressure in the flow passage increases with increasing Re, and the pressure reduces as the flow passes through the domain. The baffles’ direction has a considerable impact on the turbulence; the baffles’ top point and angle of direction also impact the flow direction and density of the swirls produced.https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2025-0130channel floww-shaped bafflehybrid nanofluidturbulent flowflow characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Togun Hussein Basem Ali Abdulrazzaq Tuqa Shashidhara Sumanth Mohammed Hayder I. Abed Azher M. Al-Thamir Mohaimen Sadeq Abdellatif M. Biswas Nirmalendu Yadav Krishna Kumar Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics Open Engineering channel flow w-shaped baffle hybrid nanofluid turbulent flow flow characteristics |
| title | Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| title_full | Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| title_short | Effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and Al2O3–Cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| title_sort | effects of staggered transverse zigzag baffles and al2o3 cu hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel on thermofluid flow characteristics |
| topic | channel flow w-shaped baffle hybrid nanofluid turbulent flow flow characteristics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2025-0130 |
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