Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions

Grape pomace, a significant by-product of the wine industry, is rich in health-promoting compounds, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, and polyphenols, and holds strong potential for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study investigates the effects of low-temperature...

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Main Authors: Rudonja Nedžad R., Zlatanović Ivan J., Vujović Dragan S., Sekar Subramani, Jeyachristy Sam Annie, Gligorević Kosta B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Belgrade - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade 2025-01-01
Series:FME Transactions
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Online Access:https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1451-2092/2025/1451-20922503490R.pdf
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author Rudonja Nedžad R.
Zlatanović Ivan J.
Vujović Dragan S.
Sekar Subramani
Jeyachristy Sam Annie
Gligorević Kosta B.
author_facet Rudonja Nedžad R.
Zlatanović Ivan J.
Vujović Dragan S.
Sekar Subramani
Jeyachristy Sam Annie
Gligorević Kosta B.
author_sort Rudonja Nedžad R.
collection DOAJ
description Grape pomace, a significant by-product of the wine industry, is rich in health-promoting compounds, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, and polyphenols, and holds strong potential for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study investigates the effects of low-temperature convective drying at 40°C on the drying behavior and fatty acid composition of grape seeds from ten Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. To model the drying process, six thin-layer drying models were applied. Among them, the Logarithmic model provided the best fit for most cultivars, showing excellent agreement between predicted and experimental drying curves. Effective moisture diffusivity values varied considerably among cultivars, reflecting differences in pomace structure and seed composition. Fatty acid analysis via gas chromatography revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids-particularly linoleic acid-were the predominant lipid class in fresh grape seeds. After drying, a moderate reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was observed, accompanied by a corresponding increase in saturated fatty acids. Despite these changes, certain cultivars, such as Prokupac and Merlot, retained favorable nutritional profiles. The results support the application of mild drying protocols to preserve the functional quality of grape seeds while improving energy efficiency. This research contributes to the sustainable valorization of grape pomace and highlights its potential applications, such as functional oil ingredients, antioxidants in skincare, and encapsulated nutraceutical formulations.
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spelling doaj-art-72d1ab20b8964abfab0ecf3fd184dbd72025-08-20T03:35:44ZengUniversity of Belgrade - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, BelgradeFME Transactions1451-20922406-128X2025-01-0153349049810.5937/fme2503490R1451-20922503490RDrying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditionsRudonja Nedžad R.0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-9215Zlatanović Ivan J.1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6949-7305Vujović Dragan S.2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3597-0774Sekar Subramani3Jeyachristy Sam Annie4Gligorević Kosta B.5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5783-4637University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, SerbiaAnna University, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, IndiaUniversity Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak, MalaysiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, SerbiaGrape pomace, a significant by-product of the wine industry, is rich in health-promoting compounds, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, and polyphenols, and holds strong potential for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study investigates the effects of low-temperature convective drying at 40°C on the drying behavior and fatty acid composition of grape seeds from ten Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. To model the drying process, six thin-layer drying models were applied. Among them, the Logarithmic model provided the best fit for most cultivars, showing excellent agreement between predicted and experimental drying curves. Effective moisture diffusivity values varied considerably among cultivars, reflecting differences in pomace structure and seed composition. Fatty acid analysis via gas chromatography revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids-particularly linoleic acid-were the predominant lipid class in fresh grape seeds. After drying, a moderate reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was observed, accompanied by a corresponding increase in saturated fatty acids. Despite these changes, certain cultivars, such as Prokupac and Merlot, retained favorable nutritional profiles. The results support the application of mild drying protocols to preserve the functional quality of grape seeds while improving energy efficiency. This research contributes to the sustainable valorization of grape pomace and highlights its potential applications, such as functional oil ingredients, antioxidants in skincare, and encapsulated nutraceutical formulations.https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1451-2092/2025/1451-20922503490R.pdfgrape pomacedrying kineticsfatty acid compositionseed oil stabilityfood by-product valorizationsustainable processing
spellingShingle Rudonja Nedžad R.
Zlatanović Ivan J.
Vujović Dragan S.
Sekar Subramani
Jeyachristy Sam Annie
Gligorević Kosta B.
Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
FME Transactions
grape pomace
drying kinetics
fatty acid composition
seed oil stability
food by-product valorization
sustainable processing
title Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
title_full Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
title_fullStr Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
title_full_unstemmed Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
title_short Drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
title_sort drying kinetics and stability of fatty acids in grape pomace seeds under mild thermal conditions
topic grape pomace
drying kinetics
fatty acid composition
seed oil stability
food by-product valorization
sustainable processing
url https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1451-2092/2025/1451-20922503490R.pdf
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