NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men
Substance dependence is a complex environmental and genetic disorder with significant social and medical concerns. Understanding the etiology of substance dependence is imperative to the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. To this end, substantial effort has been made to id...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/748979 |
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| author | Zhifa Liu Xiaobo Guo Yuan Jiang Heping Zhang |
| author_facet | Zhifa Liu Xiaobo Guo Yuan Jiang Heping Zhang |
| author_sort | Zhifa Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Substance dependence is a complex environmental and genetic disorder with significant social and medical concerns. Understanding the etiology of substance dependence is imperative to the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. To this end, substantial effort has been made to identify genes underlying substance dependence, and in recent years, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have led to discoveries of numerous genetic variants for complex diseases including substance dependence. Most of the GWAS discoveries were only based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a single dichotomized outcome. By employing both SNP- and gene-based methods of analysis, we identified a strong (odds ratio = 13.87) and significant (P value = 1.33E−11) association of an SNP in the NCK2 gene on chromosome 2 with opiates addiction in African-origin men. Codependence analysis also identified a genome-wide significant association between NCK2 and comorbidity of substance dependence (P value = 3.65E−08) in African-origin men. Furthermore, we observed that the association between the NCK2 gene (P value = 3.12E−10) and opiates addiction reached the gene-based genome-wide significant level. In summary, our findings provided the first evidence for the involvement of NCK2 in the susceptibility to opiates addiction and further revealed the racial and gender specificities of its impact. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6dd930823c474a7c842f24e0c835cd6a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6dd930823c474a7c842f24e0c835cd6a2025-02-03T01:31:09ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal1537-744X2013-01-01201310.1155/2013/748979748979NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin MenZhifa Liu0Xiaobo Guo1Yuan Jiang2Heping Zhang3Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USADepartment of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USADepartment of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USADepartment of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USASubstance dependence is a complex environmental and genetic disorder with significant social and medical concerns. Understanding the etiology of substance dependence is imperative to the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. To this end, substantial effort has been made to identify genes underlying substance dependence, and in recent years, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have led to discoveries of numerous genetic variants for complex diseases including substance dependence. Most of the GWAS discoveries were only based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a single dichotomized outcome. By employing both SNP- and gene-based methods of analysis, we identified a strong (odds ratio = 13.87) and significant (P value = 1.33E−11) association of an SNP in the NCK2 gene on chromosome 2 with opiates addiction in African-origin men. Codependence analysis also identified a genome-wide significant association between NCK2 and comorbidity of substance dependence (P value = 3.65E−08) in African-origin men. Furthermore, we observed that the association between the NCK2 gene (P value = 3.12E−10) and opiates addiction reached the gene-based genome-wide significant level. In summary, our findings provided the first evidence for the involvement of NCK2 in the susceptibility to opiates addiction and further revealed the racial and gender specificities of its impact.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/748979 |
| spellingShingle | Zhifa Liu Xiaobo Guo Yuan Jiang Heping Zhang NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men The Scientific World Journal |
| title | NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men |
| title_full | NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men |
| title_fullStr | NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men |
| title_full_unstemmed | NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men |
| title_short | NCK2 Is Significantly Associated with Opiates Addiction in African-Origin Men |
| title_sort | nck2 is significantly associated with opiates addiction in african origin men |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/748979 |
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