The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction

General educators rarely receive adequate training for supporting students with disabilities (SWDs). We suggest a key contributing factor is the longstanding gap between special and general education researchers, which is especially pronounced in mathematics. Researchers from these fields work in is...

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Main Authors: Julie Cohen, Nathan Jones, Lynsey Gibbons
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-06-01
Series:AERA Open
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584251344901
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author Julie Cohen
Nathan Jones
Lynsey Gibbons
author_facet Julie Cohen
Nathan Jones
Lynsey Gibbons
author_sort Julie Cohen
collection DOAJ
description General educators rarely receive adequate training for supporting students with disabilities (SWDs). We suggest a key contributing factor is the longstanding gap between special and general education researchers, which is especially pronounced in mathematics. Researchers from these fields work in isolation from one another, the result of what sociologists term “epistemic bunkers.” These cross-field divisions have pragmatic consequences. Well-established teaching strategies known to support SWDs are untouched in general teacher education. At the same time, prospective special educators lack exposure to many key instructional principles from mathematics education. In this interview study, 22 general and special education researchers describe their goals for mathematics education. Our data suggest considerable within-group heterogeneity, but also clear within-group themes and between-group distinctions. There were numerous points of intersection between special and general educators’ perspectives on mathematics teaching and learning, providing clear opportunities for bridge building. We conclude with implications for research and practice.
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spelling doaj-art-6cf1676e2a9b4d5b90c17c7bef716b522025-08-20T02:03:27ZengSAGE PublishingAERA Open2332-85842025-06-011110.1177/23328584251344901The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics InstructionJulie CohenNathan JonesLynsey GibbonsGeneral educators rarely receive adequate training for supporting students with disabilities (SWDs). We suggest a key contributing factor is the longstanding gap between special and general education researchers, which is especially pronounced in mathematics. Researchers from these fields work in isolation from one another, the result of what sociologists term “epistemic bunkers.” These cross-field divisions have pragmatic consequences. Well-established teaching strategies known to support SWDs are untouched in general teacher education. At the same time, prospective special educators lack exposure to many key instructional principles from mathematics education. In this interview study, 22 general and special education researchers describe their goals for mathematics education. Our data suggest considerable within-group heterogeneity, but also clear within-group themes and between-group distinctions. There were numerous points of intersection between special and general educators’ perspectives on mathematics teaching and learning, providing clear opportunities for bridge building. We conclude with implications for research and practice.https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584251344901
spellingShingle Julie Cohen
Nathan Jones
Lynsey Gibbons
The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
AERA Open
title The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
title_full The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
title_fullStr The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
title_full_unstemmed The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
title_short The Missing Middle? General and Special Educators’ Views of Effective Mathematics Instruction
title_sort missing middle general and special educators views of effective mathematics instruction
url https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584251344901
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