Effects of Anthracnose on the Structure and Diversity of Endophytic Microbial Communities in Postharvest Avocado Fruits
This study aimed to provide foundational research for the biological control of postharvest avocado fruits anthracnose and establish a microbial system of postharvest avocado fruits. The high-throughput sequencing of avocado fruits from the anthracnose-infected and healthy groups was performed using...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2487 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | This study aimed to provide foundational research for the biological control of postharvest avocado fruits anthracnose and establish a microbial system of postharvest avocado fruits. The high-throughput sequencing of avocado fruits from the anthracnose-infected and healthy groups was performed using Illumina NovaSeq second-generation sequencing technology. The results revealed that, except for <i>Colletotrichum</i> sp. strain 38#, there were differences in the bacterial community structure of avocados before and after infection, as determined through alpha and beta diversity analysis. Additionally, there were significant differences in the endophytic fungal community structure, allowing clear differentiation between the infected and healthy avocados. The endophytic bacterial community was primarily composed of 4 phyla and 10 genera, with the <i>Bacteroidota</i> phylum and <i>Chryseobacterium</i> genus demonstrating sensitivity to anthracnose pathogens, as evidenced by a decrease in their relative abundance after infection. The endophytic fungal community was characterized by 3 phyla and 10 genera. After infection, the relative abundance of 2 phyla (<i>Anthophyta</i> and <i>Basidiomycota</i>) and 7 genera (<i>Eucalyptus</i>, <i>Candida</i>, <i>Kluyveromyces</i>, <i>Talaromyces</i>, <i>Oidiodendron</i>, <i>Nigrospora</i>, and <i>Pestalotiopsis)</i> decreased, whereas the relative abundance of the <i>Colletotrichum</i> genus increased dramatically. The LEfSe (Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size) analysis indicated that significant biomarkers were more prevalent in endophytic bacteria than in endophytic fungi in the avocados. In endophytic bacteria, the key biomarkers included the <i>Firmicutes</i> phylum (<i>Bacilli</i> class), <i>Proteobacteria</i> phylum (<i>Gammaproteobacteria</i> class, <i>Pseudomonadales</i> order, <i>Pseudomonadaceae</i> family, and <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus), <i>Flavobacteriales</i> order, <i>Weeksellaceae</i> family, and <i>Chryseobacterium</i> genus. In endophytic fungi, the important biomarkers were <i>Saccharomycetes</i> class (<i>Saccharomycetales</i> order), <i>Glomerellales</i> order (<i>Glomerellaceae</i> family and <i>Colletotrichum</i> genus), and <i>Botryosphaeriales</i> order (<i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> family and <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> genus). These results may provide a theoretical basis for the development of future biological agents for avocado anthracnose. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |