Study of first-trimester serum levels of β-hCG and PAPP-A as a screening test for fetal development of intrauterine growth restriction

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between first-trimester serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), in order to assess their utility in early screening...

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Main Authors: Ana Ceballos Medina, Inés Gómez-Acebo, Cristina Clare Gallego de Largy, Jessica Alonso-Molero, Silvia Vilares Calvo, Juan Manuel Odriozola Feu, María Ceballos Medina, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07787-7
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