Great Offset Loading Influences Core and Bench Press Peak Prime Mover’s Activity in Trained Athletes
<b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to compare the acute responses of the muscular activity of primary movers during bench press execution under asymmetric loads (25%, 50%, and 75%). <b>Methods</b>: The study included 30 resistance-trained males (n = 25, age = 22.73 ± 3.44 ye...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/10/2/180 |
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| Summary: | <b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to compare the acute responses of the muscular activity of primary movers during bench press execution under asymmetric loads (25%, 50%, and 75%). <b>Methods</b>: The study included 30 resistance-trained males (n = 25, age = 22.73 ± 3.44 years, height= 1.77 ± 0.06 m, body mass= 76.77 ± 9.28 kg) and females (n = 5, age = 22.5 ± 1.19 years, height = 1.63 ± 0.04 m, body mass = 56.78 ± 2.90 kg). We assessed the two portions of the dominant pectoralis major, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, and both external oblique peak activities (sEMG) during concentric and eccentric phases. We performed a repeated-measures design to establish the differences between muscle activity, barbell center of mass acceleration, and OMNI-Perceived Exertion Scale for Resistance Exercise (OMNI-RES) in a bench press under seven different conditions. <b>Results</b>: The linear mixed model showed a significant fixed effect for exercise condition for muscles (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the concentric and eccentric phases. We found significantly higher clavicularis (<i>d</i> = 0.54; <i>d</i> = 1.15) and sternalis (<i>d</i> = 0.38; <i>d</i> = 0.86) pectoralis major activation of the dominant side under high (50% and 75%), non-dominant-side, de-loaded conditions in the eccentric phase (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with large effects. Contralateral core muscles (external oblique) of the dominant and non-dominant sides were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) highly activated under all asymmetric conditions in the concentric phase (from <i>d</i> = 0.89 to <i>d</i> = 2.30). <b>Conclusions</b>: The asymmetric load bench press provoked a higher pectoralis major activation on the loaded side when de-loading the other side. The contralateral external oblique doubles the muscle activity in the most asymmetric conditions. |
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| ISSN: | 2411-5142 |