Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves
Abstract This study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment on the growth, chemical composition, and biological activity of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves. NTAP was applied at a frequency of 13.56 MHz, exposure time of 15 s, discharge temperature...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06118-4 |
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| author | Hussein S. Mohamed Dalia Shehata Ahmed M. Mahmoud Maha H. Khalaf Mohammad K. Okla Mohamed A. El-Tayeb Yasmeen A. Alwasel Ibrahim A. Alaraidh Ali El-Keblawy Izabela Josko Mohamed S. Sheteiwy |
| author_facet | Hussein S. Mohamed Dalia Shehata Ahmed M. Mahmoud Maha H. Khalaf Mohammad K. Okla Mohamed A. El-Tayeb Yasmeen A. Alwasel Ibrahim A. Alaraidh Ali El-Keblawy Izabela Josko Mohamed S. Sheteiwy |
| author_sort | Hussein S. Mohamed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment on the growth, chemical composition, and biological activity of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves. NTAP was applied at a frequency of 13.56 MHz, exposure time of 15 s, discharge temperature of 25 °C, and power levels (T1 = 50, T2 = 80, and T3 = 120 W). Results demonstrated significant increases (P < 0.05) in fresh and dry biomass at all treatment levels compared to control, with the highest improvements seen in T3. Mineral content (K, P, Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn, and N) was significantly elevated, particularly at T3. Chlorophyll content (a + b and carotenoids) also showed marked increases across all treatments, correlating with enhanced photosynthetic rates. Improved photosynthesis led to enhanced accumulation of primary metabolites, such as amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids. NTAP treatments, mainly T3, significantly increased levels of essential and non-essential amino acids, oxalic, isobutyric, and fumaric acids. They also enhanced unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (C18:1), and saturated fatty acids, including myristic (C14:0) and stearic (C18:0). These improvements provided precursors for the synthesis of secondary metabolites, particularly phenolics. The increased phenolic content in turn explained the improved antioxidant capacity observed in Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching FRAP, anti-lipid peroxidation, superoxide radical scavenging, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, especially at T2 and T3 treatments. Antimicrobial activity was elevated across all treatments, with the T3 treatment notably inhibiting all tested bacterial and fungal strains, particularly Sarcina lutea. In conclusion, NTAP treatment significantly improved growth, biomass, and the phytochemical profile of geranium leaves, enhancing their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, thereby increasing the potential nutritional and therapeutic value of the plant. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-67feb57d2338496eb580aad25097b52b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-67feb57d2338496eb580aad25097b52b2025-01-26T12:23:32ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-01-0125111410.1186/s12870-025-06118-4Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leavesHussein S. Mohamed0Dalia Shehata1Ahmed M. Mahmoud2Maha H. Khalaf3Mohammad K. Okla4Mohamed A. El-Tayeb5Yasmeen A. Alwasel6Ibrahim A. Alaraidh7Ali El-Keblawy8Izabela Josko9Mohamed S. Sheteiwy10Chemistry of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef UniversityBiochemistry department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef universityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef UniversityDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef UniversityBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud UniversityBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud UniversityBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud UniversityBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of SharjahInstitute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life SciencesDepartment of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates UniversityAbstract This study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment on the growth, chemical composition, and biological activity of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves. NTAP was applied at a frequency of 13.56 MHz, exposure time of 15 s, discharge temperature of 25 °C, and power levels (T1 = 50, T2 = 80, and T3 = 120 W). Results demonstrated significant increases (P < 0.05) in fresh and dry biomass at all treatment levels compared to control, with the highest improvements seen in T3. Mineral content (K, P, Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn, and N) was significantly elevated, particularly at T3. Chlorophyll content (a + b and carotenoids) also showed marked increases across all treatments, correlating with enhanced photosynthetic rates. Improved photosynthesis led to enhanced accumulation of primary metabolites, such as amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids. NTAP treatments, mainly T3, significantly increased levels of essential and non-essential amino acids, oxalic, isobutyric, and fumaric acids. They also enhanced unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (C18:1), and saturated fatty acids, including myristic (C14:0) and stearic (C18:0). These improvements provided precursors for the synthesis of secondary metabolites, particularly phenolics. The increased phenolic content in turn explained the improved antioxidant capacity observed in Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching FRAP, anti-lipid peroxidation, superoxide radical scavenging, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, especially at T2 and T3 treatments. Antimicrobial activity was elevated across all treatments, with the T3 treatment notably inhibiting all tested bacterial and fungal strains, particularly Sarcina lutea. In conclusion, NTAP treatment significantly improved growth, biomass, and the phytochemical profile of geranium leaves, enhancing their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, thereby increasing the potential nutritional and therapeutic value of the plant.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06118-4Non-thermal atmospheric plasmaGeraniumAntioxidantsMetabolite |
| spellingShingle | Hussein S. Mohamed Dalia Shehata Ahmed M. Mahmoud Maha H. Khalaf Mohammad K. Okla Mohamed A. El-Tayeb Yasmeen A. Alwasel Ibrahim A. Alaraidh Ali El-Keblawy Izabela Josko Mohamed S. Sheteiwy Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves BMC Plant Biology Non-thermal atmospheric plasma Geranium Antioxidants Metabolite |
| title | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves |
| title_full | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves |
| title_fullStr | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves |
| title_short | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth, photosynthesis, metabolite accumulation, and nutritional value of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit) leaves |
| title_sort | non thermal atmospheric plasma treatments enhance the growth photosynthesis metabolite accumulation and nutritional value of geranium pelargonium graveolens l herit leaves |
| topic | Non-thermal atmospheric plasma Geranium Antioxidants Metabolite |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06118-4 |
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