Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction

Abstract Neuroinflammation triggered by microglia activation is hallmark of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and this process includes crucial metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which may cause neuron loss and functional impairment. The inhibitory immune checkpoint...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Qian Qin, Linlin Fan, Xin Zeng, Danyang Zheng, Han Wang, Mengyue Li, Yutong Jiang, Hui Wang, Hao Liu, Shengjun Liang, Lijie Wu, Shuang Liang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Subjects:
Autism spectrum disorder
MSC-EVs
PD-L1/PD-1
Glycolysis
Neuroinflammation
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03250-z
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03250-z

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