Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies
Abstract The phytochemical, nutritional, and biological features of wild carob pulp from Tanzight (TN), Ait-Waada (AW), and Tizi-ghnayn (TG) in Azilal were studied. The results of the study reveal that the carob pulp examined has a low-fat level. AW had the most total sugar (78.34 ± 3.00%), total re...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82318-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846101121480785920 |
|---|---|
| author | Salah Laaraj Aziz Tikent Chaimae El-rhouttais Ayoub Farihi Abdelaziz Ed-Dra Mohamed Bouhrim Ramzi A. Mothana Omar M. Noman Souad Salmaoui Mohamed Addi Hana serghini-Caid Younes Noutfia Kaoutar Elfazazi |
| author_facet | Salah Laaraj Aziz Tikent Chaimae El-rhouttais Ayoub Farihi Abdelaziz Ed-Dra Mohamed Bouhrim Ramzi A. Mothana Omar M. Noman Souad Salmaoui Mohamed Addi Hana serghini-Caid Younes Noutfia Kaoutar Elfazazi |
| author_sort | Salah Laaraj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The phytochemical, nutritional, and biological features of wild carob pulp from Tanzight (TN), Ait-Waada (AW), and Tizi-ghnayn (TG) in Azilal were studied. The results of the study reveal that the carob pulp examined has a low-fat level. AW had the most total sugar (78.34 ± 3.00%), total reducing sugar (27.20 ± 2.89%), crude fiber (14.21 ± 1.23%), sucrose (24.303 ± 0.038%), sodium (153.7 ± 18.52 mg/kg), pH (5.599 ± 0.05), and total polyphenol content (4134.50 ± 17.91 mg GAE/100 g DW). TG has higher amounts of potassium (11373 ± 153.7 mg/kg), calcium (4345 ± 7.211 mg/kg), phosphorus (3551 ± 175.1 mg/kg), magnesium (1347 ± 52.43 mg/kg), fructose (7.635 ± 0.012%), and total flavonoids (1678.08 ± 24.05 mg RE/100 g DW). TN has the highest levels of crude protein (5.607 ± 0.047%), moisture (9.33 ± 0.57%), ash (4.16 ± 0.02%), glucose (2.956 ± 0.047%), and total condensed tannins (529.61 ± 6.76 mg CE/100 g DW). The ethanol extract derived from AW exhibited noteworthy antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of 1245.83 ± 26.33 µg ascorbic acid equivalent /mg extract and IC50 values of 18.45 ± 1.41 µg/mL, 124.98 ± 5.21 µg/mL, and 24.87 ± 1.30 µmol/mL for 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), beta carotene (β-Carotene), and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-éthylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), respectively. Furthermore, AW has demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against a variety of bacterial and fungal strains using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The analysed samples also demonstrated encouraging anti-cancer effects on MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The biological activities were confirmed through molecular docking analysis, identifying naringin and quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside as related compounds. Additionally, ADME analyses have revealed that all the synthetic compounds examined in this study demonstrate high intestinal absorption, meet Lipinski’s criteria, indicating their potential suitability for oral drug development. Based on these findings, wild carob pulp from Azilal province may contain bioactive compounds and nutrients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-67719126b4c34b80b64d14848e20b248 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-67719126b4c34b80b64d14848e20b2482024-12-29T12:29:08ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114112210.1038/s41598-024-82318-6Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studiesSalah Laaraj0Aziz Tikent1Chaimae El-rhouttais2Ayoub Farihi3Abdelaziz Ed-Dra4Mohamed Bouhrim5Ramzi A. Mothana6Omar M. Noman7Souad Salmaoui8Mohamed Addi9Hana serghini-Caid10Younes Noutfia11Kaoutar Elfazazi12Agri-food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural research (INRA)Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions agricoles, Biotechnologie & Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des sciences, Université Mohamed premierAgri-food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural research (INRA)Oriental Center for Water and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (COSTE), Mohammed Premier UniversityLaboratory of Engineering and Applied Technologies, Higher School of Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane UniversityBiological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane UniversityDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityEnvironmental, Ecological, and Agro-Industrial Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), LGEEAI, Sultan Moulay Slimane University (USMS)Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions agricoles, Biotechnologie & Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des sciences, Université Mohamed premierLaboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions agricoles, Biotechnologie & Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des sciences, Université Mohamed premierFruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing Department, The National Institute of Horticultural ResearchAgri-food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Centre of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural research (INRA)Abstract The phytochemical, nutritional, and biological features of wild carob pulp from Tanzight (TN), Ait-Waada (AW), and Tizi-ghnayn (TG) in Azilal were studied. The results of the study reveal that the carob pulp examined has a low-fat level. AW had the most total sugar (78.34 ± 3.00%), total reducing sugar (27.20 ± 2.89%), crude fiber (14.21 ± 1.23%), sucrose (24.303 ± 0.038%), sodium (153.7 ± 18.52 mg/kg), pH (5.599 ± 0.05), and total polyphenol content (4134.50 ± 17.91 mg GAE/100 g DW). TG has higher amounts of potassium (11373 ± 153.7 mg/kg), calcium (4345 ± 7.211 mg/kg), phosphorus (3551 ± 175.1 mg/kg), magnesium (1347 ± 52.43 mg/kg), fructose (7.635 ± 0.012%), and total flavonoids (1678.08 ± 24.05 mg RE/100 g DW). TN has the highest levels of crude protein (5.607 ± 0.047%), moisture (9.33 ± 0.57%), ash (4.16 ± 0.02%), glucose (2.956 ± 0.047%), and total condensed tannins (529.61 ± 6.76 mg CE/100 g DW). The ethanol extract derived from AW exhibited noteworthy antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of 1245.83 ± 26.33 µg ascorbic acid equivalent /mg extract and IC50 values of 18.45 ± 1.41 µg/mL, 124.98 ± 5.21 µg/mL, and 24.87 ± 1.30 µmol/mL for 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), beta carotene (β-Carotene), and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-éthylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), respectively. Furthermore, AW has demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against a variety of bacterial and fungal strains using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The analysed samples also demonstrated encouraging anti-cancer effects on MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The biological activities were confirmed through molecular docking analysis, identifying naringin and quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside as related compounds. Additionally, ADME analyses have revealed that all the synthetic compounds examined in this study demonstrate high intestinal absorption, meet Lipinski’s criteria, indicating their potential suitability for oral drug development. Based on these findings, wild carob pulp from Azilal province may contain bioactive compounds and nutrients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82318-6Carob pulp powderAntioxidant activityAntimicrobial activityAnticancer activityPhenolic profile |
| spellingShingle | Salah Laaraj Aziz Tikent Chaimae El-rhouttais Ayoub Farihi Abdelaziz Ed-Dra Mohamed Bouhrim Ramzi A. Mothana Omar M. Noman Souad Salmaoui Mohamed Addi Hana serghini-Caid Younes Noutfia Kaoutar Elfazazi Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies Scientific Reports Carob pulp powder Antioxidant activity Antimicrobial activity Anticancer activity Phenolic profile |
| title | Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| title_full | Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| title_fullStr | Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| title_short | Nutritional value, HPLC-DAD analysis and biological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| title_sort | nutritional value hplc dad analysis and biological activities of ceratonia siliqua l pulp based on in vitro and in silico studies |
| topic | Carob pulp powder Antioxidant activity Antimicrobial activity Anticancer activity Phenolic profile |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82318-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT salahlaaraj nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT aziztikent nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT chaimaeelrhouttais nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT ayoubfarihi nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT abdelazizeddra nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT mohamedbouhrim nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT ramziamothana nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT omarmnoman nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT souadsalmaoui nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT mohamedaddi nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT hanaserghinicaid nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT younesnoutfia nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies AT kaoutarelfazazi nutritionalvaluehplcdadanalysisandbiologicalactivitiesofceratoniasiliqualpulpbasedoninvitroandinsilicostudies |