A comparative study of multivariate CNN, BiLSTM and hybrid CNN–BiLSTM models for forecasting foreign exchange rate using deep learning
This study evaluates the forecasting capabilities of multivariate Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), and a hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model for predicting daily rate returns of USD, EUR and GBP in Rwanda’s foreign exchange market from 2012 to 2025. While CNN ef...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Cogent Economics & Finance |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23322039.2025.2526148 |
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