Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals
Abstract Vitamins and essential minerals are micronutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the human body. However, they may lead to adverse health effects if consumed in excess. A tolerable upper intake level (UL) is a science‐based reference value that supports policy‐makers and o...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | EFSA Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.9052 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849389751626366976 |
|---|---|
| author | EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) Dominique Turck Torsten Bohn Montaña Cámara Jacqueline Castenmiller Stefaan deHenauw Karen‐Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst Angeles Jos Alexandre Maciuk Inge Mangelsdorf Breige McNulty Kristina Pentieva Alfonso Siani Frank Thies Peter Aggett Marta Crous‐Bou Francesco Cubadda Aymeric Dopter Susan Fairweather‐Tait Georg Lietz Harry J. McArdle Giovanni Passeri Marco Vinceti Misha Vrolijk Ionut Craciun Agnès deSesmaisons Lecarré Zsuzsanna Horvath Laura Martino Silvia Valtueña Martinez Androniki Naska |
| author_facet | EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) Dominique Turck Torsten Bohn Montaña Cámara Jacqueline Castenmiller Stefaan deHenauw Karen‐Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst Angeles Jos Alexandre Maciuk Inge Mangelsdorf Breige McNulty Kristina Pentieva Alfonso Siani Frank Thies Peter Aggett Marta Crous‐Bou Francesco Cubadda Aymeric Dopter Susan Fairweather‐Tait Georg Lietz Harry J. McArdle Giovanni Passeri Marco Vinceti Misha Vrolijk Ionut Craciun Agnès deSesmaisons Lecarré Zsuzsanna Horvath Laura Martino Silvia Valtueña Martinez Androniki Naska |
| author_sort | EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Vitamins and essential minerals are micronutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the human body. However, they may lead to adverse health effects if consumed in excess. A tolerable upper intake level (UL) is a science‐based reference value that supports policy‐makers and other relevant actors in managing the risks of excess nutrient intake. EFSA's principles for establishing ULs for vitamins and minerals were originally developed by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2000. This guidance from the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens provides an updated framework for UL assessments. A draft was published in 2022 and underwent a 2‐year piloting period. The present document incorporates revisions based on the experience gained through its practical implementation. It covers aspects related to the planning of the risk assessment (problem formulation and definition of methods) and its implementation (evidence retrieval, appraisal, synthesis, integration, uncertainty analysis). As in the previous framework, the general principles developed for the risk assessment of chemicals in food are applied, i.e. hazard identification, hazard characterisation, intake assessment, risk characterisation. Specific to nutrients are their biochemical and physiological roles and the specific and selective mechanisms that maintain the systemic homeostasis and accumulation of the nutrient in the body. Such considerations must also be taken into account when conducting risk assessments of nutrients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-64d30ef1dca9417f9fac3628c315a966 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1831-4732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | EFSA Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-64d30ef1dca9417f9fac3628c315a9662025-08-20T03:41:52ZengWileyEFSA Journal1831-47322024-11-012211n/an/a10.2903/j.efsa.2024.9052Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential mineralsEFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA)Dominique TurckTorsten BohnMontaña CámaraJacqueline CastenmillerStefaan deHenauwKaren‐Ildico Hirsch‐ErnstAngeles JosAlexandre MaciukInge MangelsdorfBreige McNultyKristina PentievaAlfonso SianiFrank ThiesPeter AggettMarta Crous‐BouFrancesco CubaddaAymeric DopterSusan Fairweather‐TaitGeorg LietzHarry J. McArdleGiovanni PasseriMarco VincetiMisha VrolijkIonut CraciunAgnès deSesmaisons LecarréZsuzsanna HorvathLaura MartinoSilvia Valtueña MartinezAndroniki NaskaAbstract Vitamins and essential minerals are micronutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the human body. However, they may lead to adverse health effects if consumed in excess. A tolerable upper intake level (UL) is a science‐based reference value that supports policy‐makers and other relevant actors in managing the risks of excess nutrient intake. EFSA's principles for establishing ULs for vitamins and minerals were originally developed by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2000. This guidance from the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens provides an updated framework for UL assessments. A draft was published in 2022 and underwent a 2‐year piloting period. The present document incorporates revisions based on the experience gained through its practical implementation. It covers aspects related to the planning of the risk assessment (problem formulation and definition of methods) and its implementation (evidence retrieval, appraisal, synthesis, integration, uncertainty analysis). As in the previous framework, the general principles developed for the risk assessment of chemicals in food are applied, i.e. hazard identification, hazard characterisation, intake assessment, risk characterisation. Specific to nutrients are their biochemical and physiological roles and the specific and selective mechanisms that maintain the systemic homeostasis and accumulation of the nutrient in the body. Such considerations must also be taken into account when conducting risk assessments of nutrients.https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.9052dietary reference valuemineraltolerable upper intake levelULvitamin |
| spellingShingle | EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) Dominique Turck Torsten Bohn Montaña Cámara Jacqueline Castenmiller Stefaan deHenauw Karen‐Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst Angeles Jos Alexandre Maciuk Inge Mangelsdorf Breige McNulty Kristina Pentieva Alfonso Siani Frank Thies Peter Aggett Marta Crous‐Bou Francesco Cubadda Aymeric Dopter Susan Fairweather‐Tait Georg Lietz Harry J. McArdle Giovanni Passeri Marco Vinceti Misha Vrolijk Ionut Craciun Agnès deSesmaisons Lecarré Zsuzsanna Horvath Laura Martino Silvia Valtueña Martinez Androniki Naska Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals EFSA Journal dietary reference value mineral tolerable upper intake level UL vitamin |
| title | Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| title_full | Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| title_fullStr | Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| title_short | Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| title_sort | guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals |
| topic | dietary reference value mineral tolerable upper intake level UL vitamin |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.9052 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT efsapanelonnutritionnovelfoodsandfoodallergensnda guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT dominiqueturck guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT torstenbohn guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT montanacamara guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT jacquelinecastenmiller guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT stefaandehenauw guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT karenildicohirschernst guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT angelesjos guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT alexandremaciuk guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT ingemangelsdorf guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT breigemcnulty guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT kristinapentieva guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT alfonsosiani guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT frankthies guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT peteraggett guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT martacrousbou guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT francescocubadda guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT aymericdopter guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT susanfairweathertait guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT georglietz guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT harryjmcardle guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT giovannipasseri guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT marcovinceti guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT mishavrolijk guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT ionutcraciun guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT agnesdesesmaisonslecarre guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT zsuzsannahorvath guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT lauramartino guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT silviavaltuenamartinez guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals AT andronikinaska guidanceforestablishingandapplyingtolerableupperintakelevelsforvitaminsandessentialminerals |