Mobile phone dependency and subclinical depressive-anxiety symptom co-occurrence in college students: a cross-lagged panel network analysis

Abstract Background With the widespread use of smartphones among college students, issues related to smartphone dependence have become increasingly prevalent. Existing research has shown that subclinical anxiety and depression often co-occur and are closely associated with smartphone dependence. Thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ze Zhao, Xiaobin Ding, Chen Chen, Jie Wang, Nianxi He, Jiajia Xu, Jing Li, Lili Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24142-9
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