Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder (BD)

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a multifactorial mental disease with a prevalence of 1–5% in adults, caused by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors contribute to gene expression alterations through epigenetic mechanisms without changing the underlying DNA se...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shabnam Nohesara, Hamid Mostafavi Abdolmaleky, Ahmad Pirani, Sam Thiagalingam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1104
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